PUBLIC INFORMATION OFFICE
JET PROPULSION LABORATORY
CALIFORNIA INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY
NATIONAL AERONAUTICS AND SPACE ADMINISTRATION
PASADENA, CALIF. 91109. TELEPHONE (818) 354-5011
VOYAGER MISSION STATUS
November 1, 1995
Voyager 1 is currently 9.15 billion kilometers (5.69 billion
miles) from Earth, having traveled 10.87 billion kilometers (6.75
billion miles) since its launch in September 1977. The Voyager 1
spacecraft is departing the solar system at a speed of 17.46
kilometers per second (39,055 miles per hour).
Voyager 2 is currently 7 billion kilometers (4.35 billion
miles) from Earth, having traveled 10.28 billion kilometers (6.38
billion miles) since its launch in August 1977. The Voyager 2
spacecraft is departing the solar system at a speed of 16.08
kilometers per second (35,970 miles per hour).
Both Voyager spacecraft are healthy and continue their
departure from the solar system. As they travel farther and
farther from the Sun, the two spacecraft are returning data to
characterize the outer solar system environment and search for
the heliopause boundary, the outer limit of the Sun's magnetic
field and outward flow of the solar wind.
Six science instruments on each Voyager spacecraft are
collecting data on the strength and orientation of the Sun's
magnetic field; the composition, direction and energy specta of
the solar wind particles and interstellar cosmic rays; the
strength of radio emissions that are thought to be originating at
the heliopause, beyond which is interstellar space; and the
distribution of hydrogen within the outer heliopause. These data
are transmitted to Earth in real time, at 160 bits per second,
and captured by 34-meter-diameter antennas of the Deep Space
Network. Data are transmitted to JPL and made available in
electronic files to the science teams located around the country
for processing and analysis.
Flight controllers believe both spacecraft will continue
to operate and send back valuable data until at least the year
2015. It is the loss of electrical power from their
radioisotope thermoelectric generators (RTGs) that will
eventually cause them to stop functioning. At launch, the three
RTGs on each spacecraft had a power output of 475 watts. Today,
that output is 341 watts for Voyager 1 and 345 watts for Voyager
2. Approximately 215 watts are necessary to operate the
spacecraft and limited cience instruments.
The other vital consumable onboard the spacecraft is the
amount of hydrazine propellant which keeps the Voyagers stable
and pointed toward Earth. Each spacecraft started out with 104
kilograms of propellant. Today, after 18 years of flight,
including multiple planetary encounters and trajectory correction
maneuvers, Voyager 1 has 34 kilograms of hydrazine remaining and
Voyager 2 has 36 kilograms remaining. However, during the
current, quiet phase of the mission, each spacecraft uses only
about six grams of fuel a week. Flight controllers stress the
Voyagers will run out of electrical power long before they start
spinning out of control due to loss of their attitude-adjusting
propellant.
It is estimated that Voyager 1 will pass the Pioneer 10
spacecraft in January 1998 to become the most distant human-made
object in space.
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