From wang!elf.wang.com!ucsd.edu!info-hams-relay Thu Apr 18 23:11:51 1991 remote from tosspot Received: by tosspot (1.64/waf) via UUCP; Thu, 18 Apr 91 23:38:17 EST for lee Received: from somewhere by elf.wang.com id aa23392; Thu, 18 Apr 91 23:11:48 GMT Received: from ucsd.edu by news.UU.NET with SMTP (5.61/UUNET-shadow-mx) id AA19731; Thu, 18 Apr 91 18:38:27 -0400 Received: by ucsd.edu; id AA27973 sendmail 5.64/UCSD-2.1-sun Thu, 18 Apr 91 13:51:42 -0700 for nixbur!schroeder.pad Received: by ucsd.edu; id AA27950 sendmail 5.64/UCSD-2.1-sun Thu, 18 Apr 91 13:51:34 -0700 for /usr/lib/sendmail -oc -odb -oQ/var/spool/lqueue -oi -finfo-hams-relay info-hams-list Message-Id: <9104182051.AA27950@ucsd.edu> Date: Thu, 18 Apr 91 13:51:32 PDT From: Info-Hams Mailing List and Newsgroup Reply-To: Info-Hams@ucsd.edu Subject: Info-Hams Digest V91 #305 To: Info-Hams@ucsd.edu Info-Hams Digest Thu, 18 Apr 91 Volume 91 : Issue 305 Today's Topics: Alinco product Update database for mods For WRIGHT@morekypr.BITNET G5RV Experience help me with file retrieval,please HT's - whats good, whats not? M0RSE???? (2 msgs) MINIMEC No-Code Testing - Who is to adm. (3 msgs) Question about GNS server. SOLAR TERRESTRIAL FORECAST AND REVIEW Ten Meter Beacons The IC-W2A: A Floor Wax AND a Dessert Toping! Send Replies or notes for publication to: Send subscription requests to: Problems you can't solve otherwise to brian@ucsd.edu. Archives of past issues of the Info-Hams Digest are available (by FTP only) from UCSD.Edu in directory "mailarchives/info-hams". We trust that readers are intelligent enough to realize that all text herein consists of personal comments and does not represent the official policies or positions of any party. Your mileage may vary. So there. ---------------------------------------------------------------------- Date: 18 Apr 91 03:17:58 GMT From: haven!eng.ufl.edu!rover.ufnet.ufl.edu!sonny@ames.arpa Subject: To: info-hams@ucsd.edu Keywords:Programming MOTOROLA MX-360 Walkie-Talkies Reply-To: sonny@rover.ufnet.ufl.edu (Sonny Johnson) Organization: U of Florida. Engineering Computing Support Facility Date: Tue, 16 Apr 91 14:46:17 GMT Help needed in programming the frequency ROM (part# NLN-5096B) in these radios. I have the complete schematics, but have no info on the ROM or ROM data. Any or all info greatly appreciated ... Sonny / KF4VB P.S. I would gladly pay $$$ for someone with the "PROGRAMMER" to blast these ROMS (6) for me .. ------------------------------ Date: 18 Apr 91 13:20:09 GMT From: news-mail-gateway@ucsd.edu Subject: Alinco product Update To: info-hams@ucsd.edu Begin forwarded message: Date: Thu, 18 Apr 91 09:15:55 GMT-0400 From: Mailer-Daemon@zen.cac.stratus.com (Jay Appell) Subject: Returned mail: User unknown To: jay ----- Transcript of session follows ----- 550 info_hams... User unknown ----- Unsent message follows ----- Return-Path: Received: by amateur1. (NeXT-1.0 (From Sendmail 5.52)/SMI-4.0) id AA02993; Thu, 18 Apr 91 09:15:55 GMT-0400 Date: Thu, 18 Apr 91 09:15:55 GMT-0400 From: jay (Jay Appell) Message-Id: <9104181315.AA02993@amateur1.> Errors-To: jay@zen To: info_hams Subject: Pre-Release Alinco Information This information is preliminary and subject to change. By the end of this year a new radio will be released by Alinco. It is hinted to be the Alinco 593. This radio will incorporate the following changes: 1. Cross band audio improvements. 2. Air-Band inclusion 3. Mic Up/Down buttons operate radio in channel steps. 4. 800Mhz may be included The wish list has been started, look below and see what we already have and send your suggestions in on what you would like. 1. ID module for Crossband repeater 2. Extend DSQ timer before reset 3. Remote control without DSQ 4. Voice Options Like any amateur radio, there are always reported problems. Unfortunately they always happen to you! Let me know if your having any problems with the 590 or have any suggestions for improvement. 73, Jay Appell (KA1SNA) ------------------------------ Date: 18 Apr 91 18:11:17 GMT From: news-mail-gateway@ucsd.edu Subject: database for mods To: info-hams@ucsd.edu From: Colin Schmutter I understand that a database exists that contains files related to radio equipment modification. I am not sure if it is a public bulletin board or an internet node. Does anyone have information regarding this such as telephone numbers or node ID's etc. Any help would be appreciated. COLIN SCHMUTTER NETWORK TECHNICIAN, COMPUTER RESOURCES : (604) 432-8858 ------------------------------ Date: 18 Apr 91 14:48:00 GMT From: news-mail-gateway@ucsd.edu Subject: For WRIGHT@morekypr.BITNET To: info-hams@ucsd.edu Come to North Carolina, we will be happy to test you and welcome you into ham radio! A regular VEC can give BOTH the written Novice and written Tech. If tehy say they can't, then they don't need to be VECs! Good luck on your TECHNICIAN CLASS license! 73 (from an Advanced!) ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ Charles Layno BITnet: wb4wor@UNCG.BITNET P.O. Box 8252 Internet: wb4wor@steffi.acc.uncg.edu Greensboro, NC CompuServe: 71441,1562 27419-0252 Packet Radio Mail: WB4WOR @ WB4WOR.#GSO.NC.USA.NA "REALITY..................WHAT A CONCEPT!" ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ ------------------------------ Date: 17 Apr 91 15:18:48 GMT From: nosc!dog.ee.lbl.gov!hellgate.utah.edu!cs.utexas.edu!convex!texsun!newstop!male!zule!dlp@ucsd.edu Subject: G5RV Experience To: info-hams@ucsd.edu I know this is a very well published antenna. I am thinking about putting up the 1/2 sized version as a V due to a small lot situation. I have a couple of questions: 1) Do I also cut the matching section length in half? The standard G5RV matching section is 34' so since I'm only using the 1/2 sized version, would I use a 17' matching section? 2) The peak of the V will be at about 40' but may go up to 50' if I can get the guys worked out correctly. Can anyone pass on any experience with this antenna in a similar configuration? -- Thanks Dan Pritchett | ARPA/Internet: dlp@zule.EBay.Sun.COM Sun Federal System Engineer | UUCP: ...!sun!dlp -------------------------------------------------------------------------- I had a dream the other night, I was...no wait that wasn't me. --Steven Wright ------------------------------ Date: 18 Apr 91 07:42:15 GMT From: news-mail-gateway@ucsd.edu Subject: help me with file retrieval,please To: info-hams@ucsd.edu A stupid mistake costed me 5 Mb of 'Memory Lost'. I had some radio-related files in it, plus a lot of Internet-related stuff. To be precise, I lost all that interesting posting about KENWOOD TS-850 (I seem to remember by F. Lloyd), all about modifying a TH-75, a 10 m Beacon List, something about TS-440 and his Auto_tuner, a listing of International Call-sign allocation. Concerning internet, I lost a 1 Mb file containing ALL KNOWN NODES. Is there someone who could send me them via E-mail or just tell me where I can FTP them (oh, I forgot it, I lost also the 'radio related files anonymous ftp list') ??? PLEASE HELP ! BTW, never try to use ZCOMPRESS on a BACKUP/SAVESET file on a Vax/Vms. :-) Please reply direct (this is not stricly related to Info-Hams, I guess) Pierfrancesco Caci ik5pvx bit/internet: FIRE@FIRENZE.INFN.IT decnet: 39331::FIRE ------------------------------ Date: 18 Apr 91 01:52:33 GMT From: sdd.hp.com!mips!news.cs.indiana.edu!ux1.cso.uiuc.edu!bradley.bradley.edu!buhub!moodyblu@ucsd.edu Subject: HT's - whats good, whats not? To: info-hams@ucsd.edu Being a new Ham (still waiting for license!), I was looking around at getting an HT. There seems to be a lot of them out there and many different features, depending on what you want to do. What I really want to know, is, are there any models and/or brands which should definitely be avoided? Being on a college student budget, I have been eyeing prices quite keenly, but I do not want to be "penny wise and dollar foolish," so to speak. Also, I am specifically looking for a 2M HT or a 2M / 70cm dual dander. Thanks for any info... Matt Weisberg (still waiting..... patiently! :) :) :) :) ) -- =============================================================================== | Matt Weisberg MILLIWAYS - Computers, Peripherals & Consulting | | moodyblu@buhub.bradley.edu Authorized Altima & D-Link Dealer | | Matt.Weisberg@f16.n120.z1.fidonet.org Southfield, Michigan | | MILLIWAYS BBS: (313) 553-9274 Voice: (313) 350-0503 | =============================================================================== ------------------------------ Date: 18 Apr 91 14:13:12 GMT From: casbah.acns.nwu.edu!zaphod.mps.ohio-state.edu!pacific.mps.ohio-state.edu!linac!att!cbnewsh!nd2k@ucsd.edu Subject: M0RSE???? To: info-hams@ucsd.edu For a few evenings now I've been hearing a station signing M0RSE and working a medium size pileup without ever giving out any info other than signal reports. My IARU prefix list shows the entire "M" block as belonging to the UK. Is this some kind of special event station or a slim?? I know, I know...WFWL. Al Schwarz ND2K honet4!nd2k ------------------------------ Date: 18 Apr 91 16:15:16 GMT From: deccrl!news.crl.dec.com!shlump.nac.dec.com!sousa.ltn.dec.com!sndpit.enet.dec.com!smith@decwrl.dec.com Subject: M0RSE???? To: info-hams@ucsd.edu In article <1991Apr18.141312.23739@cbnewsh.att.com>, nd2k@cbnewsh.att.com (alfred.a.schwarz..jr) writes... > >For a few evenings now I've been hearing a station signing M0RSE and Yup, it's a special call issued for the nth birthday of Samuel Morse. I don't have the details on hand, but it was all in RadComm... Willie Smith smith@sndpit.enet.dec.com smith%sndpit.enet.dec.com@decwrl.dec.com {Usenet!Backbone}!decwrl!sndpit.enet.dec.com!smith ------------------------------ Date: 17 Apr 91 16:56:03 GMT From: nosc!dog.ee.lbl.gov!hellgate.utah.edu!cs.utexas.edu!convex!texsun!newstop!exodus!jethro!male!zule!dlp@ucsd.edu Subject: MINIMEC To: info-hams@ucsd.edu Should have asked this in my last post.:-( Does anyone know an ftp site that has the public version of MINIMEC available? I have already poked around on platypus.uofs.edu and thumper.bellcore.com and can't seem to find it there. No big deal, but if I can ftp it I can avoid sending out the slo-mail and anxiously waiting for it to appear.:-) -- Thanks Dan Pritchett | ARPA/Internet: dlp@zule.EBay.Sun.COM Sun Federal System Engineer | UUCP: ...!sun!dlp -------------------------------------------------------------------------- I had a dream the other night, I was...no wait that wasn't me. --Steven Wright ------------------------------ Date: 18 Apr 91 14:20:53 GMT From: world!ksr!jfw@decwrl.dec.com Subject: No-Code Testing - Who is to adm. To: info-hams@ucsd.edu WRIGHT%morekypr@cunyvm.cuny.edu writes: >I'm ready to test for the no-code tech but all the VE's I have contacted >tell me that they aren't alloud to test the new no-code prospects. >I have asked at least 15 different VE's in 75 mile radious of where I live. This is insane. Anyone who could give the old Technician test can give the new Technician test. These folks are either badly misinformed or they are deliberately obstructing the new license. Are you *sure* these people were actual Volunteer Examiners? One needs an Extra class license to be a VE, but only a General to give Novice exams; I *hope* that is the source of the confusion. If these are real VEs who have been giving "Technician Classic" exams and are now refusing to give "New Technician" exams, I would strongly urge you to write to the ARRL and (1) ask them for the straight dope, and (2) suggest that they may need to start an education program in the VE ranks, maybe combined with a purge... (I'm still not convinced that the New Technician is the salvation of ham radio, but clowns like this will certainly be its destruction...) 73, John, WB7EEL ------------------------------ Date: 18 Apr 91 11:56:38 GMT From: pa.dec.com!e2big.mko.dec.com!shlump.nac.dec.com!sousa.ltn.dec.com!sndpit.enet.dec.com!smith@decwrl.dec.com Subject: No-Code Testing - Who is to adm. To: info-hams@ucsd.edu In article <9104180535.AA22655@ucsd.edu>, WRIGHT%morekypr@cunyvm.cuny.edu writes... >I'm ready to test for the no-code tech but all the VE's I have contacted >tell me that they aren't alloud to test the new no-code prospects. WRONG! Any VE that could test Novice and Tech before can test Tech now. If you are getting the runaround, call the ARRL, give them the names of the VEs who have refused to test you for Technician, and ask that their credentials be revoked. Have you asked them for the name of the VEC they report to and asked him what's going on? Willie Smith smith@sndpit.enet.dec.com smith%sndpit.enet.dec.com@decwrl.dec.com {Usenet!Backbone}!decwrl!sndpit.enet.dec.com!smith ------------------------------ Date: 18 Apr 91 16:29:12 GMT From: sdd.hp.com!wuarchive!rex!rouge!pc.usl.edu!jpd@ucsd.edu Subject: No-Code Testing - Who is to adm. To: info-hams@ucsd.edu In article <3192@ksr.com> jfw@ksr.com (John F. Woods) writes: >actual Volunteer Examiners? One needs an Extra class license to be a VE, >but only a General to give Novice exams; I *hope* that is the source of the >confusion. Actually, an Advanced Class ham can be a VE, so as to administer the novice and tech exams. -- -- James Dugal, N5KNX Internet: jpd@usl.edu Associate Director Ham packet: n5knx@k5arh Computing Center US Mail: PO Box 42770 Lafayette, LA 70504 University of Southwestern LA. Tel. 318-231-6417 U.S.A. ------------------------------ Date: 17 Apr 91 20:33:42 GMT From: bloom-beacon!mintaka!olivea!samsung!uakari.primate.wisc.edu!relay.nswc.navy.mil!relay.nswc.navy.mil!wcollin@ucbvax.berkeley.edu Subject: Question about GNS server. To: info-hams@ucsd.edu I just called it and got an Internet address of: 141.212.100.9 Hope this helps! David ============================================================================== Wm David Collins BSEE, EMT-Cardiac, ACLS, KC4YYX Naval Surface Warfare Center Code E-41, Networks Branch Dahlgren, VA 22448 W(703) 663-7744, H(703) 775-3292 DDN mail: wcollin@relay.nswc.navy.mil ============================================================================== ------------------------------ Date: 18 Apr 91 19:47:53 GMT From: news-mail-gateway@ucsd.edu Subject: SOLAR TERRESTRIAL FORECAST AND REVIEW To: info-hams@ucsd.edu --- SOLAR TERRESTRIAL FORECAST AND REVIEW --- April 18 to April 27, 1991 Report Based In-Part from Data Obtained from the Space Environment Services Center Boulder Colorado -------- SOLAR TERRESTRIAL REVIEW FOR 11 APRIL TO 17 APRIL Solar activity over the past week has been moderate to high. Two major flares highlight the activity. The first occurred at 11:17 UT on 11 April. It attained a class M9.5 x-ray intensity, but was optically uncorrelated due to poor observing conditions at all active observatories. The most likely source of this event was Region 6583, which was exibiting post-flare characteristics after the event. The second major event occurred on 15 April at 09:42 UT. This flare was rated as an M9.8/2F energetic event which was associated with weak to moderate radio bursts, but was not associated with any sweeps. Region 6593 was responsible for this event as it crossed over the eastern limb and into view. Region 6593 has been the most active region on the solar disk thus far. It has produced numerous low-level M-class flares. Region 6583, on the other hand, has been quieter than expected. Region 6583 was the largest region visible during most of the week and exhibited a beta-gamma-delta magnetic configuration with notable optical and magnetic complexity. It has only managed to spawn a few low-level M-class events this week, since the major flare which was suspected of being spawned by this region on 11 April. Late in the period, Region 6580 exploded with growth and apparent complexity. The latest observations now rank this region as being the largest on the disk. It has apparently also established a delta configuration in the spot complex. However, this region is due to rotate behind the western limb and out of view by 20 April. This region could pose a threat for renewed M-class and possible major flare activity when it returns, presently expected sometime near 04 or 05 May. SHORT TERM SOLAR TERRESTRIAL FORECAST Solar activity is expected to continue mostly moderate over the next week, with a fair chance for an isolated major flare from Regions 6580, 6583 or 6593. Solar activity indices have begun to fall back toward the rotational minimum. The minimum for this rotation is expected to reach solar flux values near 180. There is a slight risk for proton activity at geosynchronous satellite altitudes from Region 6583. The risk is small, near about 20% at the present time, but is worthy of note. Geomagnetic activity is expected to remain generally unsettled over the coming week. Activity is expected to become enhanced, particularly over the high latitudes, on or near 25 to 27 April. The recurrent activity should keep high latitudes at generally active levels until 28 or 29 April when a decline to more unsettled conditions are expected. Middle and low latitudes should mantain generally unsettled conditions throughout this period. Auroral activity is not expected to become unusually active over the coming week. It is expected to become somewhat enhanced over the northerly middle and high latitudes (particularly over the high latitude regions) on 26 or 27 April, returning to more dormant levels on or near 29/30 April. In the meantime, high latitudes should maintain generally low auroral activity possibly intermixed with isolated periods of moderate auroral activity. Middle latitude auroral activity will remain generally dormant. Northerly middle latitudes will probably be able to witness low levels of auroral activity on the horizon, particularly on 26/27 April, if the recurrent activity materializes as expected. HF propagation conditions are expected to remain normal to above normal throughout the coming week. A decline in solar activity should produce slightly lower MUF's, although overall, MUF's should still remain well above 30 MHz. Some SWF's can be expected throughout the week, due to occassional M-class flaring from Regions 6583 and 6593. No significant degradations are expected over the low and middle latitudes. Some degradation is likely over the high latitudes due to recurrent geomagnetic and auroral activity. Conditions are expected to vary from fair to poor throughout the coming week. High latitude conditions should improve somewhat after 28/29 April. VHF propagation conditions are expected to remain normal throughout the coming week. No significant DX is expected on the VHF bands this coming week. There is a chance for brief isolated periods of VHF SID-induced enhancements caused by minor flaring, although even these will likely be difficult to catch. No significant auroral backscatter is expected this week, barring possible major solar activity. High latitudes will have the best possibilities for experiencing VHF auroral backscatter communications. SUMMARY OF ALL ACTIVE REGIONS VISIBLE ON THE SOLAR DISK AS OF 18 APRIL Region # Location LO Area Class LL Spots Magnetic Type -------- -------- --- ---- ----- -- ----- ------------- 6580 N29W61 284 1890 DKI 07 015 BETA DELTA 6582 S24W37 260 0480 CAO 12 010 BETA 6583 N09W18 241 1380 EKI 14 073 BETA GAMMA 6587 S27W07 230 0000 AXX 01 002 ALPHA 6592 N14E10 213 0210 CAO 06 018 BETA 6593 S08E32 191 1080 EKO 15 033 BETA GAMMA 6594 S19W20 243 0090 CAO 08 013 BETA 6596 S22E45 178 0030 BXO 04 002 BETA 6598 S08E16 207 0060 BXO 07 011 BETA NOTES: Area is in million square kilometers. Angular extent (LL) and solar longitude (LO) are in degree's. For more information regarding the terminology used above, request the Glossary of Solar Terrestrial Terms from: "oler@hg.uleth.ca". H-ALPHA PLAGES WITHOUT SPOTS. LOCATIONS VALID AS OF 00:00 UT ON 18 APRIL REGION LOCATION LO COMMENTS (IF ANY) ------ -------- --- ------------------------------- 6579 N07W88 311 NONE 6581 N14W44 267 6588 S02W80 303 6589 S12W66 289 6590 S15W56 279 6591 N09W40 263 6595 S31E31 192 6597 S22E46 177 ACTIVE REGIONS DUE TO RETURN BETWEEN 18 APRIL AND 20 APRIL Region Latitude Longitude (Helio.) ------ -------- --------- NO REGIONS DUE TO RETURN NOTES: For definitions regarding the above, request the "Glossary of Solar Terrestrial Terms" from "oler@hg.uleth.ca". GRAPHICAL ANALYSIS OF RECENT PLANETARY (GLOBAL) GEOMAGNETIC ACTIVITY Cumulative Geomagnetic Activity History Peak Planetary Geomagnetic Activity during the past 96 hours ____________________________________________________________________ | EXTREMELY SEVERE | | | | | HIGH | | VERY SEVERE STORM | | | | | HIGH | | SEVERE STORM | | | | | MODERATE | | MAJOR STORM | | | | | LOW - MOD. | | MINOR STORM | | | | | LOW | | VERY ACTIVE | | | | * | NONE | | ACTIVE | ** | ** | *** | * *** | NONE | | UNSETTLED | ******| *****| *****|********| NONE | | QUIET |********|********|* ******|********| NONE | | VERY QUIET |********|********|********|********| NONE | |-------------------|--------|--------|--------|--------|------------| | Geomagnetic Field | Sun. | Mon. | Tue. | Wed. | Anomaly | | Conditions | Given in 3-hourly UT intervals | Intensity | |____________________________________________________________________| NOTES: The data above represents preliminary planetary geomagnetic activity. Data from many magnetic observatories around the world are used in constructing the above chart. The first graph line for each day represents geomagnetic activity which occurred between 00 UT and 03 UT. The second graph line represents activity which occurred between 03 UT and 06 UT, etc. For information regarding the interpretation and/or use of these charts, send a request for the document "Understanding Solar Terrestrial Reports" to: oler@hg.uleth.ca. PLANETARY 10-DAY GEOMAGNETIC ACTIVITY OUTLOOK (18 APRIL - 27 APRIL) ________________________________________________________________________ | EXTREMELY SEVERE | | | | | | | | | | | HIGH | | VERY SEVERE STORM | | | | | | | | | | | HIGH | | SEVERE STORM | | | | | | | | | | | MODERATE | | MAJOR STORM | | | | | | | | | | | LOW - MOD. | | MINOR STORM | | | | | | | | | | | LOW | | VERY ACTIVE | | | | | | | | | | | NONE | | ACTIVE | * | | | | | | | | | * | NONE | | UNSETTLED |***|** | * |** |** |** |** |** |***|***| NONE | | QUIET |***|***|***|***|***|***|***|***|***|***| NONE | | VERY QUIET |***|***|***|***|***|***|***|***|***|***| NONE | |-------------------|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|------------| | Geomagnetic Field |Thu|Fri|Sat|Sun|Mon|Tue|Wed|Thu|Fri|Sat| Anomaly | | Conditions | Given in 8-hour intervals | Intensity | |________________________________________________________________________| CONFIDENCE LEVEL: 75% NOTES: Predicted geomagnetic activity is based heavily on recurrent phenomena. Transient energetic solar events cannot be predicted reliably over periods in excess of several days. Hence, there may be some deviations from the predictions due to the unpredictable transient solar component. GRAPHICAL ANALYSIS OF SOLAR ACTIVITY OVER THE PAST 60 DAYS Cumulative Graphical Analysis of Solar Activity ____________________________________________________________ 311| * | HIGH 301| ****F F = Major Flare(s) | HIGH 291| ****F | HIGH 281| *****F | HIGH 271| *****F* F | HIGH 261| *******F* FF *F* | HIGH 251| *******F** F FF FF * * *F**| HIGH 242| *******F** F*FFFFFFF * ***F**| Moderate 232| *******F*** F FF*FFFFFFFF*F F***F**| Moderate 222| *******F*** F **FFF*FFFFFFFF*FF *F***F**| Moderate 212|********F**** FF FF***FFF*FFFFFFFF*FF *F***F**| Moderate 202|********F******FF*FF***FFF*FFFFFFFF*FF* **F***F**| Moderate 192|********F******FF*FF***FFF*FFFFFFFF*FF** *F* ***** **F***F**| Moderate 182|********F******FF*FF***FFF*FFFFFFFF*FF**F*F*F********F***F**| Low ------------------------------------------------------------ Cumulative 60 day Solar Activity Record Start Date: February 17, 1990 NOTES: Left-hand column digits represent the 10.7 cm solar radio flux obtained from Ottawa. The right-hand column describes the relative solar activity for that period based on the average number of major and minor flares that can be expected for related solar flux values. Plot lines labeled with the letter "F" represent days where at least one major flare occurred (ie. class M5 or greater flare). GRAPHICAL 20-DAY SOLAR ACTIVITY PREDICTION Solar Activity _________________________________________________________________ | 260 | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | 253 | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | 245 | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |**| | 238 | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | 231 |**| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |**| | | 223 | |**| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |**| | | | 216 | | |**| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | 209 | | | |**| | | | | | | | | | | | |**| | | | | 202 | | | | |**| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | 194 | | | | | |**|**|**| | | | | | | | | | | | | | 187 | | | | | | | | |**| | | | | | |**| | | | | | 180 | | | | | | | | | |**|**| | | |**| | | | | | | 172 | | | | | | | | | | | |**|**|**| | | | | | | |-----|--|--|--|--|--|--|--|--|--|--|--|--|--|--|--|--|--|--|--|--| |Solar|18|19|20|21|22|23|24|25|26|27|28|29|30|01|02|03|04|05|06|07| |Flux | April | May | ----------------------------------------------------------------- CONFIDENCE LEVEL: 65% HF RADIO SIGNAL PROPAGATION PREDICTIONS (18 APRIL - 27 APRIL) High Latitude Paths ________________________________________________________ | EXTREMELY GOOD | | | | | | | | | | | | VERY GOOD | | | | | | | | | | | CONFIDENCE | GOOD | | | | | | | | | | | LEVEL | FAIR |* *|* *|***|***|***|***|* *| *| *| *| ------- | POOR | * | * | | | | | * |** |** |** | 70% | VERY POOR | | | | | | | | | | | | EXTREMELY POOR | | | | | | | | | | | |----------------|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---| | PROPAGATION |Thu|Fri|Sat|Sun|Mon|Tue|Wed|Thu|Fri|Sat| | QUALITY | Given in 8-Hour UT Intervals | -------------------------------------------------------- Middle Latitude Paths ________________________________________________________ | EXTREMELY GOOD | | | | | | | | | | | | VERY GOOD | | | | *|* *|* *| | | | | CONFIDENCE | GOOD |***|***|***|** | * | * |***|***|* *|* *| LEVEL | FAIR | | | | | | | | | * | * | ------- | POOR | | | | | | | | | | | 70% | VERY POOR | | | | | | | | | | | | EXTREMELY POOR | | | | | | | | | | | |----------------|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---| | PROPAGATION |Thu|Fri|Sat|Sun|Mon|Tue|Wed|Thu|Fri|Sat| | QUALITY | Given in 8-Hour UT Intervals | -------------------------------------------------------- Low Latitude Paths ________________________________________________________ | EXTREMELY GOOD | | | | | | | | | | | | VERY GOOD | | | | *|* *|* *|* *| | | | CONFIDENCE | GOOD |***|***|***|** | * | * | * |***|***|***| LEVEL | FAIR | | | | | | | | | | | ------- | POOR | | | | | | | | | | | 70% | VERY POOR | | | | | | | | | | | | EXTREMELY POOR | | | | | | | | | | | |----------------|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---| | PROPAGATION |Thu|Fri|Sat|Sun|Mon|Tue|Wed|Thu|Fri|Sat| | QUALITY | Given in 8-Hour UT Intervals | -------------------------------------------------------- NOTES: NORTHERN HEMISPHERE SOUTHERN HEMISPHERE High latitudes >= 55 deg. N. | High latitudes >= 55 deg. S. Middle latitudes >= 40 < 55 deg. N. | Middle latitudes >= 35 < 55 deg. S. Low latitudes < 40 deg. N. | Low latitudes < 35 deg. S. POTENTIAL VHF DX PROPAGATION PREDICTIONS (18 APRIL - 27 APRIL) INCLUDES SID AND AURORAL BACKSCATTER ENHANCEMENT PREDICTIONS HIGH LATITUDES __________________________________________________ ___________________ | SIGNAL | Given in 8 hour local time intervals | | SID ENHANCEMENT | | QUALITY |Thu|Fri|Sat|Sun|Mon|Tue|Wed|Thu|Fri|Sat| |S|M|T|W|T|F|S|S|M|T| |__________|___|___|___|___|___|___|___|___|___|___| |-|-|-|-|-|-|-|-|-|-| | VERY GOOD| | | | | | | | | | | 0%|*|*|*|*|*|*|*|*|*|*| |ABOVE NORM| | | | | | | | | | | 20%|*|*|*|*|*|*|*|*|*|*| | NORMAL| **|***|***| **| **|***| **| **| * | * | 40%|*|*|*|*|*|*|*|*|*|*| |BELOW NORM|* | | |* |* | |* |* |* *|* *| 60%| | | | | | | | | | | | VERY POOR| | | | | | | | | | | 80%| | | | | | | | | | | | BLACKOUT| | | | | | | | | | |100%| | | | | | | | | | | |==========|===|===|===|===|===|===|===|===|===|===| |-------------------| | 100% | | | | | | | | | | |100%| | | | | | | | | | | | 80% | | | | | | | | | | | 80%| | | | | | | | | | | | 60% | | | | | | | | | *|* *| 60%| | | | | | | | | |*| | 40% | *| | |* *|* *|* |* |* *|* *|* *| 40%| | | |*|*| |*| |*|*| | 20% |***|***|***|***|***|***|***|***|***|***| 20%|*|*|*|*|*|*|*|*|*|*| | 0% |***|***|***|***|***|***|***|***|***|***| 0%|*|*|*|*|*|*|*|*|*|*| |----------+---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---| |-|-|-|-|-|-|-|-|-|-| |CHANCE OF |Thu|Fri|Sat|Sun|Mon|Tue|Wed|Thu|Fri|Sat| |T|F|S|S|M|T|W|T|F|S| | VHF DX | Given in 8 hour local time intervals | |AURORAL BACKSCATTER| |__________|_______________________________________| |___________________| MIDDLE LATITUDES __________________________________________________ ___________________ | SIGNAL | Given in 8 hour local time intervals | | SID ENHANCEMENT | | QUALITY |Thu|Fri|Sat|Sun|Mon|Tue|Wed|Thu|Fri|Sat| |S|M|T|W|T|F|S|S|M|T| |__________|___|___|___|___|___|___|___|___|___|___| |-|-|-|-|-|-|-|-|-|-| | VERY GOOD| | | | | | | | | | | 0%|*|*|*|*|*|*|*|*|*|*| |ABOVE NORM| | | | | | | | | | | 20%|*|*|*|*|*|*|*|*|*|*| | NORMAL|***|***|***|***|***|***|***|***|***| **| 40%|*|*|*|*|*|*|*|*|*|*| |BELOW NORM| | | | | | | | | |* | 60%| | | | | | | | | | | | VERY POOR| | | | | | | | | | | 80%| | | | | | | | | | | | BLACKOUT| | | | | | | | | | |100%| | | | | | | | | | | |==========|===|===|===|===|===|===|===|===|===|===| |-------------------| | 100% | | | | | | | | | | |100%| | | | | | | | | | | | 80% | | | | | | | | | | | 80%| | | | | | | | | | | | 60% | | | | | | | | | | | 60%| | | | | | | | | | | | 40% | * | * | * | * | * | * | * | * | **| **| 40%| | | | | | | | | | | | 20% | **| **| **|***|***|***| **| **|***|***| 20%| | | |*|*| | | |*|*| | 0% |***|***|***|***|***|***|***|***|***|***| 0%|*|*|*|*|*|*|*|*|*|*| |----------+---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---| |-|-|-|-|-|-|-|-|-|-| |CHANCE OF |Thu|Fri|Sat|Sun|Mon|Tue|Wed|Thu|Fri|Sat| |T|F|S|S|M|T|W|T|F|S| | VHF DX | Given in 8 hour local time intervals | |AURORAL BACKSCATTER| |__________|_______________________________________| |___________________| LOW LATITUDES __________________________________________________ ___________________ | SIGNAL | Given in 8 hour local time intervals | | SID ENHANCEMENT | | QUALITY |Thu|Fri|Sat|Sun|Mon|Tue|Wed|Thu|Fri|Sat| |S|M|T|W|T|F|S|S|M|T| |__________|___|___|___|___|___|___|___|___|___|___| |-|-|-|-|-|-|-|-|-|-| | VERY GOOD| | | | | | | | | | | 0%|*|*|*|*|*|*|*|*|*|*| |ABOVE NORM| | | | | | | | | | | 20%|*|*|*|*|*|*|*|*|*|*| | NORMAL|***|***|***|***|***|***|***|***|***|***| 40%|*|*|*|*|*|*|*|*|*|*| |BELOW NORM| | | | | | | | | | | 60%| | | | | | | | | | | | VERY POOR| | | | | | | | | | | 80%| | | | | | | | | | | | BLACKOUT| | | | | | | | | | |100%| | | | | | | | | | | |==========|===|===|===|===|===|===|===|===|===|===| |-------------------| | 100% | | | | | | | | | | |100%| | | | | | | | | | | | 80% | | | | | | | | | | | 80%| | | | | | | | | | | | 60% | | | | | | | | | | | 60%| | | | | | | | | | | | 40% | * | * | * | * | * | * | * | * | * | * | 40%| | | | | | | | | | | | 20% | **| **| **| **| **| **| **| **| **|***| 20%| | | | | | | | | | | | 0% |***|***|***|***|***|***|***|***|***|***| 0%|*|*|*|*|*|*|*|*|*|*| |----------+---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---| |-|-|-|-|-|-|-|-|-|-| |CHANCE OF |Thu|Fri|Sat|Sun|Mon|Tue|Wed|Thu|Fri|Sat| |T|F|S|S|M|T|W|T|F|S| | VHF DX | Given in 8 hour local time intervals | |AURORAL BACKSCATTER| |__________|_______________________________________| |___________________| NOTES: These VHF DX prediction charts are defined for the 50 MHz to 220 MHz bands. They are based primarily on phenomena which can affect VHF DX propagation globally. They should be used only as a guide to potential DX conditions on VHF bands. Latitudinal boundaries are the same as those for the HF predictions charts. For more information, request the document "Understanding Solar Terrestrial Reports" from: "oler@hg.uleth.ca". AURORAL ACTIVITY PREDICTIONS (18 APRIL - 27 APRIL) High Latitude Locations ________________________________________________________ | EXTREMELY HIGH | | | | | | | | | | | CONFIDENCE | VERY HIGH | | | | | | | | | | | LEVEL | HIGH | | | | | | | | | | | ------- | MODERATE | | | | * | * | | | * |***|***| 70% | LOW |***|***|***|***|***|***|***|***|***|***| | NOT VISIBLE |***|***|***|***|***|***|***|***|***|***| |----------------|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---| | AURORAL |Thu|Fri|Sat|Sun|Mon|Tue|Wed|Thu|Fri|Sat| | INTENSITY | Eve.Twilight/Midnight/Morn.Twilight | -------------------------------------------------------- Middle Latitude Locations ________________________________________________________ | EXTREMELY HIGH | | | | | | | | | | | CONFIDENCE | VERY HIGH | | | | | | | | | | | LEVEL | HIGH | | | | | | | | | | | ------- | MODERATE | | | | | | | | | | | 70% | LOW | | | | * | * | | | | * |***| | NOT VISIBLE |***|***|***|***|***|***|***|***|***|***| |----------------|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---| | AURORAL |Thu|Fri|Sat|Sun|Mon|Tue|Wed|Thu|Fri|Sat| | INTENSITY | Eve.Twilight/Midnight/Morn.Twilight | -------------------------------------------------------- Low Latitude Locations ________________________________________________________ | EXTREMELY HIGH | | | | | | | | | | | CONFIDENCE | VERY HIGH | | | | | | | | | | | LEVEL | HIGH | | | | | | | | | | | ------- | MODERATE | | | | | | | | | | | 85% | LOW | | | | | | | | | | | | NOT VISIBLE |***|***|***|***|***|***|***|***|***|***| |----------------|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---| | AURORAL |Thu|Fri|Sat|Sun|Mon|Tue|Wed|Thu|Fri|Sat| | INTENSITY | Eve.Twilight/Midnight/Morn.Twilight | -------------------------------------------------------- NOTE: For more information regarding these charts, send a request for the document, "Understanding Solar Terrestrial Reports" to: oler@hg.uleth.ca. ** End of Report ** ------------------------------ Date: 17 Apr 91 20:43:00 GMT From: tut.cis.ohio-state.edu!n8emr!gws@ucbvax.berkeley.edu Subject: Ten Meter Beacons To: info-hams@ucsd.edu In article <2334@spim.mips.COM> crisp@mips.com (Richard Crisp) writes: >I am wondering if anyone out there in net-land has a list of ten meter >beacons they would be willing to share? I am interested in the frequencies This was posted about a year ago to packet and USENET.. Dont know how upto date it is, but at least its a start and perhaps you can contact the orginator of the message for an update. Gary W. Sanders (gws@n8emr or ...!osu-cis!n8emr!gws), 72277,1325 N8EMR @ W8CQK (ip addr) 44.70.0.1 [Ohio AMPR address coordinator] HAM BBS 614-895-2553 Voice: 614-895-2552 (eves/weekends) 10 METER BEACON'S de K2OLG 2/19/90 Part 1 Edited and distributed under OKIPN by N8GTC FREQ. CALL OPERATION LOCATION NOTES 28.175 VE3TEN C OTTAWA, CANADA 10W, GP 28.191 VE6YF EDMONTON, ALBERTA 10W 28.195 IY4M ROBOT BOLOGNA, ITALY 20W, 5/8 GP 28.200 GB3SX C CROWBOROUGH, ENGLAND 8W, DIPOLE 28.201 LU8ED ARGENTINA 5W 28.202 KE5GY ARLINGTON, TX 5W, VERTICAL 28.2025 ZS5VHF NATAL, RSA 5W, GP 28.204 DL0IGI C W. GERMANY 100W, VERT. DIPOLE 28.205 KA3OEM MEADVILLE, PA. 27W, YAGI/WEST 28.206 KJ4X PICKENS, SC 2W, VERTICAL 28.2075 W8FKL C VENICE, FLA 10W, VERT. 28.208 WA1IOB C MARLBORO, MASS 75W, VERT. 28.209 NX2O C STATEN ISLAND, NY 10W, GP 28.210 3B8MS C MAURITIUS GP 28.210 K4KMZ I ELIZABETHTOWN, KY. 20W, VERT. 28.210 KC4DPC C WILMINGTON,NC 4W, DIPOLE 28.212 EA6RCM PALMA DE MALLORCA 4W, 5 EL NNE 28.2125 ZD9GI C GOUGH IS. GP 28.215 GB3RAL C SLOUGH, BERKSHIRE 20W, GP 28.2175 W8UR MACKINAW ISLAND,MI .5W, GP 28.2175 WB9VMY C CALUMET, OK. 2W, DIPOLE 28.2195 LU4XS CAPE HORN 28.220 5B4CY C CYPRUS 26W, GP 28.221 PY2GOB SAN PAULO, BRAZIL 15W, VERT. 28.222 W9UXO C NR CHICAGO, ILL. 10W, GP 28.2225 HG2BHA C TAPOLCA, HUNGARY 10W, GP *28.225 PY2AMI C SAO PAULO, BRAZIL 5W, DIPOLE 28.2275 EA6AU C MALLORCA, BALEARIC IS. 10W, 5/8 GP 28.230 ZL2MHF C MT. CLIMIE, NZ. 50W, VERT. DIPOLE 28.232 W7JPI/AZ C SONOITA, ARIZ. 5W, 3 EL YAGI NE 28.233 KD4EC C JUPITER, FLA. 7W, GP 28.235 VP9BA C HAMILTON, BERMUDA 10W, GP 28.2375 LA5TEN C OSLO, NORWAY 10W, 5/8 GP 28.2405 5Z4ERR C KIAMBU, KENYA 28.245 A92C BAHRAIN NW/SE DIPOLE 28.2455 ZS1CTB C CAPETOWN, RSA 20W, 1/4 VERT. 28.247 EA3JA BARCELONA, SPAIN 28.2475 EA2HB I SPAIN 6W, GP 28.248 K1BZ C BELAST, MAINE 5W, VERT. DIPOLE 28.250 W3SV C ELVERSON, PA 10W, VERT. 28.250 K0HTF C DES MOINES, IA 2W, GP 28.250 Z21ANB C BULAWAYO, ZIMBABWE 15W, GP 28.2505 4N3ZHK C MT. KUM, YUGOSLAVIA 1W, VERT. 28.252 WJ7X C SEATTLE, WA 5W, RINGO 28.252 WB4JHS I FLORISSANT, MO. 7W, VERT. 28.2525 OH2TEN FINLAND 28.255 LU1UG GRAL PICO, ARGENTINA 5W, GP 28.2575 DK0TEN C ARBEITSGEN, W. GERMANY 40W, GP 28.259 WB9FVR C PEMBROKE PINES, FLA. 1W, DIPOLE 28.260 VK5WI C ADELAIDE, SA, AUSTRALIA 10W, GP 28.262 VK2RSY C SYDNEY, NSW, AUSTRALIA 25W, GP 28.264 VK6RWA C PERTH, WA, AUSTRALIA 28.266 VK6RTW C ALBANY, WA, AUSTRALIA 28.266 KB4UPI C BIRMINGTON, ALA 20W, 1/4 VERT. 28.2685 W9KFO I EATON, ILL 750MW, VERT. 28.270 ZS6PW C PRETORIA, RSA 10W, 3 EL YAGI 28.270 VK4RTL C TOWNSVILLE, QLD, AUSTRALIA 28.2725 9L1FTN I FREETOWN, SIERRA LEONE 10W, VERT. DIPOLE *28.2745 ZS1LA STILLBAY, RSA 20W, 3 EL YAGI NW 28.275 AL7GQ C DENVER, CO 1W, LOOP 28.2755 N6RDX I STOCKTON, CA 20W, 3 EL YAGI 28.2775 DF0AAB C KIEL, W. GERMANY 10W, GP 28.280 LU8EB ARGENTINA 5W 28.282 VE1MUF C FREDRICKTON, NB, CANADA 500MW, DIPOLE 28.282 VE2HOT C BEACONSFIELD, QUE 5W, VERT DIPOLE 28.2825 OK0EG C HRADEC KRALOVE 10W, DIPOLE 28.284 VP8ADE C ADELAIDE IS, NR ANTARCTICA 8W, V BEAM TO G LAND *28.286 KE2DI NR ROCHESTER, NY 2W, VERT. DIPOLE 28.286 KK4M C LAS VEGAS, NEV. 5W, VERT. 28.287 W8OMV NR ASHVILLE, NC. 5W, GP 28.287 H44SI C SOLOMON IS. 15W 28.288 W2NZH I MOORESTOWN, NJ 3W, GP 28.290 SK5TEN SWEDEN 28.290 VS6TEN C HONG KONG 10W, VERT. 28.292 ZD8HF ASCENSION ISLAND 28.2925 LU2FFV SAN JORGE, ARGENTINA 5W, GP 28.295 WC8E I CINCINNATI, OHIO 10W, RINGO 28.296 W3VD C LAUREL, MARYLAND 1.5W, VERT. DIPOLE 28.297 WA4DJS I FT. LAUDERDALE, FLA 30W, GP 28.301 KF4MS C ST. PETERSBURG, FLA 5W 28.3025 PT7AAC FORTALEZA, BRAZIL 5W, GP 28.306 PT8AA RIO BRANCO, BRAZIL 5W, GP 28.315 ZS6DN C IRENE, RSA 100W, VERT. 28.888 W6IRT HOLLYWOOD, CA 5W, GP CODE PRACTICE 28.992 DF0ANN MOTITZBERG, W. GERMANY 20MW, 1 EL DELTA LOG * REVISION -- Gary W. Sanders (gws@n8emr or ...!osu-cis!n8emr!gws), 72277,1325 N8EMR @ W8CQK (ip addr) 44.70.0.1 [Ohio AMPR address coordinator] HAM BBS 614-895-2553 Voice: 614-895-2552 (eves/weekends) ------------------------------ Date: 18 Apr 91 15:20:48 GMT From: agate!bionet!uwm.edu!cs.utexas.edu!convex!texsun!newstop!west!L1-A.West.Sun.COM!flloyd@ucbvax.berkeley.edu Subject: The IC-W2A: A Floor Wax AND a Dessert Toping! To: info-hams@ucsd.edu In article <22076@shlump.nac.dec.com> gettys@yacht.enet.dec.com (Bob Gettys) writes: > >|>Cross Band Repeat Function - There is no mention of this capability >|>anywhere in the documentation. It is not known if it exists but it >|>seems unlikely that it doesn't. >|> > > My guess here too. Maybe we'll find out at Dayton??? A friend of mine here has just received the out-of-band transmit mod and has installed it. It's the typical 3-legged surface mount diode soldering trick. ICOM fax'ed him the info in about a day. I'll post the procedure as soon as I get it from him. He had a couple of interesting things to say about it: The vhf and uhf sections are totally separated into nice little "packages" that are enclosed in metal. Each one has a molded connector and the tow pieces stack together inside. Very easy to disassemble. Once installed, the radio transmits from 390 to 470 MHz (don't know about 2M). Receive sensitivity still good in the low 400 range. I asked him about cross-band repeat and he said that he didn't know, that he had only received the mod for MARS/CAP. I'll write more when I have it... -fred AA7BQ -- | Fred Lloyd AA7BQ Fred.Lloyd@West.sun.com | | Sun Microsystems, Inc. ...sun!flloyd | | Phoenix, AZ (reality -- what a concept!) (602) 275-4242 | ------------------------------ Date: 17 Apr 91 14:20:28 GMT From: agate!bionet!uwm.edu!zaphod.mps.ohio-state.edu!rpi!news-server.csri.toronto.edu!utgpu!watserv1!watcgl!imax!dave@ucbvax.berkeley.edu To: info-hams@ucsd.edu References <2643@ke4zv.UUCP>, <1991Apr1.212625.17482@cunixf.cc.columbia.edu>, <2678@ke4zv.UUCP>ront Subject : Re: a few fundamental questions about RF signals In article <2678@ke4zv.UUCP> gary@ke4zv.UUCP (Gary Coffman) writes: > >I'd guess that 1.8 Mhz ultrasound would be extremely short range. If you >can find a transducer that is reasonably efficient at this frequency, >you can build a matching network to drive it with your TS430. The transducer in my ultrasonic humidifier is driven at about 1.7 MHz. It is intended to couple energy into water, so probably wouldn't work very well in air. ------------------------------ Date: 18 Apr 91 12:26:48 GMT From: pa.dec.com!shlump.nac.dec.com!ryn.mro4.dec.com!ultnix.enet.dec.com!taber@decwrl.dec.com To: info-hams@ucsd.edu References <1991Apr15.184318.13489@uvm.edu>, <4416@ryn.mro4.dec.com>, <1991Apr17.171326.1481@mnemosyne.cs.du.edu>mp Reply-To : taber@ultnix.enet.dec.com (Patrick St. Joseph Teahan Taber) Subject : Re: Ban on Linears on Ten Meters In article <1991Apr17.171326.1481@mnemosyne.cs.du.edu>, whester@isis.cs.du.edu (William R. Hester) writes: [many quotes and story of restoring an illegally modified amp back to the amateur bands removed] |>The point of this story is that, even with the restrictions on the linear |>amps and requirements that only hams can do this work, I think there are |>many linears which still find their way into the CB bands. |> |>I support some way of restricting the availability of amps to the CBers, |>but what is practical and enforcable while still allowing amateurs to |>get the rigs without lots of hassle? |> |>I agree that amateurs can easily mod the amps to work on 10 meters... |>but so can the CBers who have some technical knowledge; as the mod to |>my Tempo-One proves. |> I think you're missing the point of the regulation. The FCC knows as well as we do that almost any amp that can be made to work 10-80 Meters can be modified to work on 11 Meters too. They know there's no way to stop some clever hand from making the changes. All they can do is make posession and sale of such an amp illegal so that when they present the search warrant and find the amp hidden in a closet they can DO something about it. And when they go into a radio repair shop and find half a dozen amps modified for 11 Meters, the owner can't claim that they're 10 Meter amps that are poorly tuned, because 10 Meter amps can't be sold in stores either. It's kind of cock-eyed, but it's the best they could do and we benefit by it. Give the FCC a break -- they get crap if they try to clean up the bands and crap if they don't. -- >>>==>PStJTT Patrick St. Joseph Teahan Taber, KC1TD "Nerd" is so demeaning, I prefer "fashion-impared." ------------------------------ End of Info-Hams Digest ******************************