Achilles Tendon
Adam's Apple
Adenoids
Adipose tissue
Adrenal glands
Alimentary
Alveoli
Alveolus
Amitosis
Amnion
Anaphase
Anatomy
Anconeus
Ankle
Antenna
Antibody
Aorta
Aqueous humour
Areolar tissue
Arm
Artery
Atlas
Auricle
Axis
Biceps
Bile
Bladder
Blood
Blubber
Bone
Bowel
Bowels
Brachialis
Brain
Bronchi
Bronchial
Calcaneum
Capillary
Capitate bone
Carpus
Cartilage
Cartilaginous joint
Cartoid
Cartoid Artery
Cartoids
Cell
Cephalic
Cerebellum
Cerebrum
Cervical vertebrae
Cilia
Clavicle
Coccyx
Colon
Connective tissue
Coracobrachialis
Coracoid Bone
Costal Cartilages
Cuneiform bones
Cuticle
Deltoid
Desmology
Diaphragm
Diploe
Duodenum
Dura Mater
Ear
Eggs
Endocrine gland
Endocrine System
Epidermis
Epiglottis
Epithelium
Erythrocyte
Exocrine gland
Eye
Fallopian tubes
Femur
Fibrous joint
Fibrous Joints
Fibula
Flagellum
Flat bone
Flat bones
Foetus
Follicle
Fontanelle
Fovea
Frontal bone
Gall Bladder
Ganglion
Gastric Juice
Gastric System
Gastrocnemius
Gill
Gills
Gingiva
Gizzard
Gland
Gluteus maximus
Gnathic
Graafian Vesicles
Gums
Haemoglobin
Hallux
Hamate bone
Haversian Canals
Heart
Hormone
Humerus
Hypothalamus
Ileum
Iliacus
Insulin
Interossei
Intestine
Intestines
Irregular bones
Jejunum
Joint
Jugular vein
Kidney
Kidneys
Labrum
Lachrymal gland
The Achilles Tendon is the tendon which connects the heel with the calf of the leg, and is the principal extensor of the foot.
Adam's Apple is the popular name for the thyroid cartilage. That is the prominence seen in the front of the throat of man. It is small and invisible in females. It is so called from the notion that a piece of the forbidden fruit stuck in Adam's throat.
Adenoids is the pathological enlargement of the lymphoid tissue.
Adipose tissue is a form of connective tissue in which the constituent cells are modified to enable them to contain droplets of oil. (Fat).
The adrenal glands are a pair of glands on the kidneys which secrete adrenaline and other hormones.
The alimentary canal is the channel in an animal through which food passes.
see "Alveolus"
An alveolus is a lung air sac where gas exchange with the blood occurs.
Amitosis is the anatomical term given to cell reproduction by direct division. The nucleus becomes constricted in the middle, forming an hour-glass shape and then divides into two. This is followed by a division of the whole protoplasmic mass of the cell; two daughter cells are thus formed, each containing a nucleus. Direct division occurs in leukocytes and bone-cells, and in the epithelial cells lining the urinary bladder.
The amnion is a membranous sac which surrounds the embryo; it is developed in reptiles, birds and mammals, but not in amphibia or fishes.
Anaphase is the 3rd stage of mitosis cell reproduction. The centromeres split into 2 halves which repel each other.
Anatomy describes the structure and organisation of living creatures.
The Anconeus is a muscle in the human arm. It assists the Triceps in extending the elbow-joint.
The ankle is the joint connecting the foot with the leg.
An antenna is a sensory organ found on the head of insects.
An antibody is a bodily protein that inactivates infection.
The aorta is the largest artery in the human body. It carries blood from the heart to the arms, legs and head.
The Aqueous humour is the watery fluid found in the space between the cornea and the lens of the eyes of vertebrates.
Areolar tissue is a generalised form of connective tissue in which the constituent cells are separated by a semi-fluid matrix in which both white connective tissue and yellow elastic fibres are found.
The arm is a limb extending from the shoulder of an animal.
An artery is a vessel that conveys blood from the heart.
In anatomy, the 1st cervical vertebrae is called the atlas because it supports the globe of the head.
The auricles are reservoirs within the heart which receive blood from the veins.
In anatomy, the 2nd cervical vertebrae is called the axis. It provides the pivot for the atlas and the head.
The biceps are a long fusiform muscle on the front of the arm. They are used to flex the elbows.
Bile is a secretion of the liver stored in the gall bladder.
The bladder is a sack in the abdomen which collects urine from the kidneys.
Blood is a body fluid that carries food and oxygen to cells.
Blubber is the thick coating of fat enveloping whales.
Bone is the hard skeletal part of an animal.
The bowels is a popular term for the division of the alimentary canal below the stomach, that is the intestines.
see "Bowel"
The Brachialis is a muscle covering the front of the human elbow-joint. It is used to flex the elbow.
The brain is the central organ of the nervous system.
The bronchial tubes (bronchi) are a division of the trachea which branch repeatedly into small bronchioles within the lungs.
see "Bronchi"
In human anatomy, the calcaneum is the largest and strongest of the tarsal bones. It projects backwards beyond the bones of the leg to provide a lever for the muscles of the calf.
A capillary is a fine blood vessel which carries blood to cells.
The capitate bone is the largest bone in the human wrist.
The carpus are the bones of the human wrist.
Cartilage or cartilaginous tissue covers the ends of the bones where they come together to make a joint. It enables the bones to move easily.
In anatomy, a cartilaginous joint is an articulation where the bones are joined by cartilage, and a limited amount of movement is possible.
see "Cartoid Artery"
The Cartoid Arteries are three arteries on each side of the human neck. The term Cartoid Artery is usually applied to the common cartoid artery, which is the vessel injured when the throat is cut. Compression of the cartoid arteries causes fainting from anaemia of the brain.
see "Cartoid Artery"
A cell, in biological terms, is the material unit of all living things.
Cephalic is a classification of human skull. It refers to the shape of skull possessed by Kaffirs and Native Australians.
The cerebellum is the lower part of the brain, it controls muscular movements and postural equilibrium.
The cerebrum is the upper and larger portion of the brain and occupies the whole of the dome of the cranium.
The cervical vertebrae are the 7 vertebrae closest to the skull.
Cilia are hair-like processes of the cells of some animal tissues, or of a single cell in some Protozoa. Their function is to keep fluids moving in one direction by their sweeping action, or to affect locomotion.
In human anatomy, the clavicle is a long bone which lies almost horizontally at the root of the neck. It serves 2 main functions; to act as a prop which braces back the shoulder and enables the limb to swing clear of the trunk. And to transmit part of the weight of the limb to the axial skeleton.
In human anatomy, the coccyx is the bone at the apex of the sacrum. It is usually comprised of 4 vertebrae fused together.
The colon is the large intestine.
Connective tissue is derived from the mesenchyme and includes a number of tissues which have a passive, binding function. In a connective tissue the parent cells are separated more or less widely from one another by a homogeneous matrix or ground substance, in which fibres may or may not be present.
The Coracobrachialis is a human muscle used to draw the arm forwards and prevent side-sway when the arm is raised by the Deltoid.
In birds, the Coracoid Bone is the bone joining the sternum to the shoulder and supporting the wing. In mammals it is represented by the coracoid process of the scapula.
In human anatomy, the costal cartilages are bars of hyaline cartilage which extend forwards from the anterior ends of the ribs and contribute to the elasticity of the thorax.
The cuneiform bones are three bones in the human foot behind the first three metatarsal bones.
The cuticle is the horny outside layer of skin.
The deltoid muscle is a triangular muscle in the shoulder used to lift the upper arm.
Desmology is the branch of anatomy dealing with ligaments and sinews.
The diaphragm is a large transverse muscle at the base of the thorax, used in respiration to draw air into the lungs.
Diploe is the anatomical term for the spongy substance between flat bones.
The duodenum is the first part of the intestine.
The dura mater is the membrane which covers the brain.
The ear is the organ used for hearing. It converts sound into electrical impulses that are fed to the brain.
see "Egg"
An endocrine gland is one which secretes hormones into the body.
The Endocrine System is a number of separate glands differing in structure and function, but all characterised by the fact that they have no ducts through which to discharge their secretions; but instead discharge them straight into the blood-stream. These secretions are called hormones or sometimes endocrines.
The epidermis is the outer layer of an animal's skin.
The epiglottis is a fibro-cartilaginous lid shaped like a leaf which covers the upper opening of the larynx.
Epithelium is an anatomical term a basic type of bodily tissue. It comprises the external surface of the skin, the internal surfaces of the digestive, respiratory and urogenital systems and others. The constituent cells of an epithelium are always closely packed together and the intercellular substance is reduced to a minimum.
Erythrocyte is the anatomical term for red corpuscles.
An exocrine gland is one which secretes onto a surface. Such as a sweat gland.
The eye is the organ of vision.
The Fallopian tubes are two tubes in mammals which carry eggs from the ovary to the uterus. Eggs are fertilised in the Fallopian tubes by sperm, and then moved to the ovary by way of cilia.
The femur is the thigh bone in the human leg.
In anatomy, a fibrous joint is an articulation in which the surfaces of the bones are fastened together by intervening fibrous tissue, and in which there is no appreciable motion, as in the joints between the bones of the human cranium.
In anatomy, fibrous joints are articulations in which the surfaces of the bones are fastened together by intervening fibrous tissue, and in which there is no appreciable motion. For example between the bones of the cranium.
The fibula is the lateral bone of the leg. It is slender, compared to the tibia. It's purpose is to give attachment to the muscles.
Flagellum are a small hair-like organ on the surface of certain cells. They are the motile organs of the sperm cells of higher animals.
In human anatomy, flat bones occur where the principal requirement of the skeleton is to protect delicate structures or provide broad surfaces for muscular attachment. The bones are comprised of two thin layers of compact bone separated by a variable quantity of spongy substance.
In human anatomy, flat bones provide protection and a broad surface for muscular attachment. They are formed of two thin layers of compact bone separated by a spongy substance.
A foetus is an unborn offspring of an animal.
A follicle is a small group of cells that surrounds and nourishes a structure such as a hair (hair follicle) or a cell such as an egg (Graafian follicle).
The fontanelle is a membrane covered vault in the skull. It normally closes during infancy.
The fovea is a small depression in the retina where vision is most acute.
The frontal bone is the plate at the front of the top of the human skull. It forms the forehead.
The gall bladder is a small muscular sac attached to the liver.
A ganglion is an enlargement occurring somewhere in the course of a nerve, and containing nerve cells in addition to nerve filaments.
Gastric Juice is a clear, colourless fluid secreted by the mucous membrane of the stomach, and is the chief agent in digestion.
The Gastric System refers to all parts of the body which contribute to digestion.
The Gastrocnemius is a muscle forming most of the human calf.
see "Gills"
Gills are a respiratory organ found in animals which obtain oxygen from water, such as crustaceans, molluscs, fish and amphibians.
see "Gums"
The gizzard is a strong muscular part of a bird's alimentary canal which enables them to grind their food. Gizzards also occur in many gastropods, and in certain cephalopods and crustaceans.
A gland is a bodily organ that manufactures and secretes enzymes, hormones or other chemicals.
The Gluteus maximus is a large muscle in the human back-side.
Gnathic is a classification of human skull shape found in Europeans.
The Graafian Vesicles are numerous small globular transparent follicles found in the ovaries of mammals. Each follicle contains one ovum which is expelled when it reaches maturity.
The gums (gingiva) are firm fleshy tissue covering the alveolar parts of either jaw and enveloping the necks of the teeth.
Haemoglobin is the protein that carries oxygen in the blood.
The hallux is the innermost of the five digits which normally compose the hind foot of a vertebrate. In humans the big toe, in a bird the hind toe.
The hamate bone is one of the bones in the human wrist.
The Haversian Canals are a network of minute canals, which traverse the solid substance of bones and proceed from the central cavity. They convey nutrient vessels to all parts.
The heart is the muscle in vertebrates which pumps blood around the body.
A hormone is a product of the endocrine glands.
The humerus is the long bone in the upper region of the human arm. It joins with the shoulder at the glenoid cavity.
The hypothalamus is the region of the human brain below the cerebrum which regulates rhythmic activity and physiological stability within the body, including water balance and temperature.
The ileum is a continuation of the jejunum and opens into the colon.
The Iliacus is a muscle in the human thigh.
Insulin is a hormone produced by the pancreas.
Interossei are muscles in the human hand and foot.
The intestine is the convoluted membranous tube which extends from the stomach to the anus and which receives the ingested food from the stomach, mixes it with bile, pancreatic juice and intestinal secretions, gives origin to the chyle and delivers the indigestible products from the system.
see "Intestine"
In anatomy, irregular bones are bones which do not fit into any of the other bone types. They are comprised of a spongy substance enclosed within a thin layer of compact bone.
The jejunum is the second part of the human small intestine. It is about 9 feet long.
A joint is a structure where two bones meet.
The jugular vein returns blood from the head to the heart in vertebrates.
The kidney is a gland used for filtering urine from the blood.
see "Kidney"
The labrum is the ventral lobe in the front of an insect's head which covers the mouth parts.
The lachrymal gland is a gland beneath the upper eye lid which secretes tears which drain from the inner corner of the eye through the Lachrymal duct to the nose.