Return-path: X-Andrew-Authenticated-as: 7997;andrew.cmu.edu;Ted Anderson Received: from beak.andrew.cmu.edu via trymail for +dist+/afs/andrew.cmu.edu/usr11/tm2b/space/space.dl@andrew.cmu.edu (->+dist+/afs/andrew.cmu.edu/usr11/tm2b/space/space.dl) (->ota+space.digests) ID ; Thu, 26 Apr 90 03:06:38 -0400 (EDT) Message-ID: <0aBdrUy00VcJ01WU5a@andrew.cmu.edu> Reply-To: space+@Andrew.CMU.EDU From: space-request+@Andrew.CMU.EDU To: space+@Andrew.CMU.EDU Date: Thu, 26 Apr 90 03:06:10 -0400 (EDT) Subject: SPACE Digest V11 #321 SPACE Digest Volume 11 : Issue 321 Today's Topics: Re: How can the shuttle reach higher orbits? Re: Rename the Earth? Re: 'Family Portrait' French art in orbit? Barium Releases Re: How can the shuttle reach higher orbits? Re: Rename the Earth? Re: How can the Shuttle reach higher orbits? ---------------------------------------------------------------------- Date: 25 Apr 90 04:01:38 GMT From: agate!shelby!neon!jkl@ucbvax.Berkeley.EDU (John Kallen) Subject: Re: How can the shuttle reach higher orbits? In article <1990Apr25.030411.29490@cs.uoregon.edu> solana@comix.cs.uoregon.edu () writes: #Hi there, # I know that the shuttle can only reach Low Earth Orbits, # but what are the problems involved in putting it into a # higher orbit? Wouldn't it be possible, for instance, to # include four (instead of two) boosters? Why hasn't NASA # tried to reach higher orbits with the shuttle? Would each # launch be much more expensive than what it is now? Is it # that they consider it enough for their purposes to reach LEO? For one, if you go up higher you run into the Van Allen radiation belts. They are a hostile environment, both for humans and spaceraft. There was a posting here on sci.space detailing the different orbit "types", classifying them by their altitude. I think Discovery's orbit still classifies as a LEO. #/-----------------------------------------------------------------\ #| David Solana (solana@spencer.cs.uoregon.edu) | #| Department of Computer Science, University of Oregon, Eugene OR | #\-----------------------------------------------------------------/ _______________________________________________________________________________ | | | | |\ | | /|\ | John Kallen The above is a figment of your | |\ \|/ \| * |/ | |/| | | PoBox 11215 overworked imagination. Take 2 | |\ /|\ |\ * |\ | | | | Stanford CA 94309 aspirin and call a doctor. _|_|___|___|____|_\|___|__|__|_jkl@neon.stanford.edu___________________________ ------------------------------ Date: 25 Apr 90 02:17:00 GMT From: swrinde!zaphod.mps.ohio-state.edu!brutus.cs.uiuc.edu!ux1.cso.uiuc.edu!ux1.cso.uiuc.edu!m.cs.uiuc.edu!kenny@ucsd.edu Subject: Re: Rename the Earth? >On the topic of astronomical terminology, I stongly disapprove of the >translation of planetary place names into Latin. Mount Olympus is gone from >Mars - it's now Olympus Mons. The Sea of Tranquility on the moon no longer >exists - it's Mare (?). You have it backwards. Mare Tranquilitatis has had that name since before English existed as a language, when the inhabitants of what is now England were running about in the woods painting themselves blue. The old name of Olympus Mons is `Nix Olympica' -- `the Snows of Olympus' -- from its appearance as a bright spot in telescopes. The name was changed since it doesn't have frost at the top but is a mountain. Kevin, KE9TV kenny@cs.uiuc.edu ------------------------------ Date: Wed, 25 Apr 90 08:29:20 EDT From: helen Subject: Re: 'Family Portrait' ..and is it possible that an individual could get a copy of one of these pictures? helen ------------------------------ Date: 25 Apr 90 03:20:22 GMT From: sun.udel.edu!salamon@vax1.udel.edu (Andrew Salamon) Subject: French art in orbit? I recently heard that someone from France was planning/is planning to launch a sattelite that consists of mylar balloons strung in a circle. Something large enough to be seen from the ground. How old is this news? What became of the idea? Were the perpetrators shot or just imprisoned? Thanks. (there should probably be a smiley on that last question, guess slipped.) Magic in my Mind | /Andrew/ Music in my Heart | soi-disant Bleydion op Rhys Laughter in my Soul | salamon@sun.acs.udel.edu And...A Sword in my Fist (sigh) | ------------------------------ Date: 25 Apr 90 08:38:55 GMT From: mcsun!ukc!icdoc!syma!nickw@uunet.uu.net (Nick Watkins) Subject: Barium Releases In article <1869@cfa237.cfa250.harvard.edu> mcdowell@cfa250.harvard.edu (Jonathan McDowell) writes: >NASA's Pegsat released its first barium canister on Apr 15. The barium >spreads along the magnetic field lines, allowing the field to be >traced. Is this related to the CRRES barium releases or part of a completely separate campaign ? There is a slot in NASA's launch manifest for a CRRES barium canister launch on a Scout in '91 - does anyone know more about this [ the Sussex Particle Correlator is involved in a different part of CRRES & so we don't hear much about the releases here] ? Nick -- Dr. Nick Watkins, Space & Plasma Physics Group, School of Mathematical & Physical Sciences, Univ. of Sussex, Brighton, E.Sussex, BN1 9QH, ENGLAND JANET: nickw@syma.sussex.ac.uk BITNET: nickw%syma.sussex.ac.uk@uk.ac ------------------------------ Date: 25 Apr 90 19:21:00 GMT From: usc!cs.utexas.edu!news-server.csri.toronto.edu!utgpu!utzoo!henry@ucsd.edu (Henry Spencer) Subject: Re: How can the shuttle reach higher orbits? In article <1990Apr25.030411.29490@cs.uoregon.edu> solana@comix.cs.uoregon.edu () writes: > I know that the shuttle can only reach Low Earth Orbits, > but what are the problems involved in putting it into a > higher orbit? Basically, to do that you need more delta-V, which translates into more fuel. There is a secondary problem in that once you get up to about 1000 km, all of a sudden you want to go a *lot* higher because the Van Allen belts start to become troublesome, so there is no happy intermediate orbit. >Wouldn't it be possible, for instance, to > include four (instead of two) boosters? Possible in theory, but it would require modifications to everything in sight. The same effect, on a rather smaller scale, will be available when the ASRM project produces slightly lighter and more powerful SRBs in a few years. Better than doubling up on solids would be to build LRBs, which would have better performance in addition to their safety advantage. In any case, you really don't *want* to take the shuttle that much higher, because a large fraction of its mass is things like wings, which are totally useless at higher altitudes and are just so much dead weight to be hauled around at great expense. You really want to take the stuff up into low orbit with the shuttle, and transfer it there to a tug which will do a more efficient job of hauling it up higher. That was the way the shuttle system was supposed to work, in fact, until the beancounters killed the Space Tug... -- If OSI is the answer, what on | Henry Spencer at U of Toronto Zoology Earth could be the question?? | uunet!attcan!utzoo!henry henry@zoo.toronto.edu ------------------------------ Date: 25 Apr 90 15:04:38 GMT From: cs.utexas.edu!uwm.edu!mrsvr.UUCP@tut.cis.ohio-state.edu (Russ Brown) Subject: Re: Rename the Earth? > On the topic of astronomical terminology, I stongly disapprove of the > translation of planetary place names into Latin. Mount Olympus is gone from > Mars - it's now Olympus Mons. The Sea of Tranquility on the moon no longer > exists - it's Mare (?). You would think a few thousand astronomers around > the world would be intelligent enough to learn the words for mountain and sea > in three or four languages so they could read each others' papers, rather > than force several billion people to learn Latin. I really think this decision > will come back to haunt the field of astronomy education. So instead of standardizing with latin, and having one word for mountain, sea, etc., we should force a few hundred thousand students around the world to learn four or five equally foreign words? ------------------------------ Date: Wed, 25 Apr 1990 15:29 EDT From: SIMMONS DONALD F <27000%AECLCR.BITNET@vma.cc.cmu.edu> Subject: Re: How can the Shuttle reach higher orbits? To: David Solana (solana@spencer.cs.uoregon.edu) wrote: > I know that the shuttle can only reach Low Earth Orbits, > but what are the problems involved in putting it into a > higher orbit? Wouldn't it be possible, for instance, to > include four (instead of two) boosters? No problem at all! We'll just stick them on with duct tape! :-) :-) :-) Just another useless idea from: Donald Simmons 27000@aeclcr ------------------------------ End of SPACE Digest V11 #321 *******************