Return-path: X-Andrew-Authenticated-as: 7997;andrew.cmu.edu;Ted Anderson Received: from beak.andrew.cmu.edu via trymail for +dist+/afs/andrew.cmu.edu/usr11/tm2b/space/space.dl@andrew.cmu.edu (->+dist+/afs/andrew.cmu.edu/usr11/tm2b/space/space.dl) (->ota+space.digests) ID ; Fri, 1 Jun 1990 01:27:09 -0400 (EDT) Message-ID: Precedence: junk Reply-To: space+@Andrew.CMU.EDU From: space-request+@Andrew.CMU.EDU To: space+@Andrew.CMU.EDU Date: Fri, 1 Jun 1990 01:26:40 -0400 (EDT) Subject: SPACE Digest V11 #472 SPACE Digest Volume 11 : Issue 472 ---------------------------------------------------------------------- Submissions to the Digest/sci.space should be mailed to space+@andrew.cmu.edu while all other mail, such as subscription requests and general question, should be sent to space-request+@andrew.cmu.edu or, if pressing, to tm2b+@andrew.cmu.edu. Thanks. ---------------------------------------------------------------------- Today's Topics: Re: Mt. Graham Hearings (long) Re: Soviet Missions to Mars Re: Shuttle models Re: Japan's first lunar probe falls silent. Where is everything? Re: Soviet Missions to Mars Condensed CANOPUS - February 1990 Re: Radiation Re: The Magellan analogy ---------------------------------------------------------------------- Date: 31 May 90 19:41:49 GMT From: groucho!steve@handies.ucar.edu (Steve Emmerson) Subject: Re: Mt. Graham Hearings (long) Thank you for posting this very interesting article. In <8362.26651ae4@ohstpy.mps.ohio-state.edu> Richard Pogge, , writes: >In June 1987, as a result of the biological studies initiated by the UofA >interest in Mt. Graham as a potential astronomical site, the population of Mt. >Graham Red Squirrel (a sub-species of the rather common North American Red >Squirrel which it was still legal to hunt) was found to have greatly >decreased, and was subsequently was declared an endangered species (even >though it is only a sub-species and the "species" of red squirrels as such is >not in general in danger) in accord with the guidelines established in the >Federal Endangered Species Act. As a result, the Forest Service, in >accordance with federal environmental law, prepared a "Biological Assessment" >of the impact of the "Preferred Alternative" on the red squirrel. Interesting. Does the Federal Endangered Species Act require that an endangered sub-species be placed on the endangered species list, as the above seems to indicate? And if so, does the entire species go on the list or just the sub-species? Also, which would it be illegal to kill? I do have one quibble about the style of the article: >While as an astronomer I have an interest in seeing new large telescopes >built, and would directly or indirectly benefit from them professionally, I've >tried my best to state the facts as I see them. In attempting to state the facts, however, you seem to have included quite a few conclusions, interpretations, and conjectures, particulaly in regards to the motivation of individuals other than yourself. As I'm sure you know, such things are not facts. Please forgive any patronizing tone. I haven't yet experienced a gored sacred cow, so I don't yet know how I'll react ;-). Steve Emmerson steve@unidata.ucar.edu ...!ncar!unidata!steve ------------------------------ Date: 31 May 90 18:41:27 GMT From: swrinde!zaphod.mps.ohio-state.edu!usc!elroy.jpl.nasa.gov!aristotle!pjs@ucsd.edu (Peter Scott) Subject: Re: Soviet Missions to Mars In article <1990May31.040347.29182@uunet!unhd>, rmk@uunet!unhd (Robert M. Kenney) writes: > > What ever happened to the idea of a network link to the USSR? Seems > like the scope of this group(and others) could be improved by getting > interaction with our Soviet counterparts. It'd be nice to get launch > schedules and other messages from them like we do from our friends at > JPL. Whatever happened to that slow news link somebody said he was setting > up(~ 3 years ago...)? It was announced in a session at the Spring DECUS that a SPAN node is being set up in the USSR "soon". This is news. This is your | Peter Scott, NASA/JPL/Caltech brain on news. Any questions? | (pjs@aristotle.jpl.nasa.gov) ------------------------------ Date: 31 May 90 16:34:56 GMT From: decvax.dec.com!jfcl.dec.com!imokay.dec.com!borsom@mcnc.org (Doug Borsom) Subject: Re: Shuttle models The NASA periodical "NASA Tech Briefs" regularly carries an ad for a shuttle model. When the next issue shows up, I'll post specifics. ------------------------------ Date: 31 May 90 16:29:22 GMT From: zaphod.mps.ohio-state.edu!usc!elroy.jpl.nasa.gov!jato!mars!baalke@tut.cis.ohio-state.edu (Ron Baalke) Subject: Re: Japan's first lunar probe falls silent. In article <12047@shlump.nac.dec.com> klaes@renoir.dec.com writes: > > In the July 1990 issue of SKY & TELESCOPE magazine, there is a > very brief article on page 14 stating that "Japan's HAGOROMO, a > satellite that went into orbit around the Moon in March, was not > completely successful. Its transmitter failed, making the probe > untrackable." > > Does anyone have more details on this incident? According to Dr. Uesugi, head of MUSES-A project, Hagoromo's transmitter failed before Hiten's first flyby. So the rocket firing of Hagoromo for putting into lunar orbit was optically confirmed through the Schmidt camera (105-cm, F3.1) of Kiso Observatory, Japan. _ _____ _ | | | __ \ | | Ron Baalke | baalke@mars.jpl.nasa.gov | | | |__) | | | Jet Propulsion Lab | baalke@jems.jpl.nasa.gov ___| | | ___/ | |___ M/S 301-355 | |_____/ |_| |_____| Pasadena, CA 91109 | ------------------------------ Date: 31 May 90 12:11:00 PDT From: "1st Lt. Henry S. Cobb" Subject: Where is everything? To: "space+" The Space Age is now some thirty years old, and enough has happened and been forgotten that history is becoming important. I have a historical question: Where is everything? Most of the stuff that humans have launched went into Earth orbit and re-entered. It's history. A lot of the rest is still in Eart orbit, and NORAD tracks it. Presumably the Soviets do, too. But radars can't see GEO very well, and certainly can't see much farther out, and there's enough stuff further out to be interesting. I'll give as an example something that I was/am interested in. Apollo 10 did a rehersal for the Moon landing in lunar orbit. The LEM separated from the CSM, did a partial descent burn, came back up, and rendezvoused. The astronauts transferred back to the CSM, undocked, and went home. Houston then commanded the LEM to burn both its engines "to depletion", which was too dangerous to do on anything other than a dying vehicle. They thought the engines might explode as they ran out of fuel, but they didn't, and the delta-V sent the LEM into a heliocentric orbit. Houston tracked the receding LEM until its batteries died. I was told this story by someone who was a GNC flight controller for the LEM during that mission. According to him, the tracking folks calculated at the time that the burnt-out LEM ascent stage would pass the Earth again "in about twenty years." Folks, it's been twenty years. I was working at JSC at the time, and I spent some time searching for the tracking data. I was interested in just WHEN Apollo 10 would return. I discovered that the data is not in any library at JSC. Public Affairs didn't have the info, or any idea where to find it. I found a few tracking types left from Apollo who had vague memories of the event ("Oh yeeaah ... How about that. Hmm ...") but no data and no pointers. I never did find the data. I suspect that there's a computer tape somewhere at JSC with the information on it, but you'll need to find both the tape and a 1960's tape drive to read it. Neither is a trivial exercise. I suspect it would take something on the scale of a Congressional inquiry to unearth this information. I'm still curious. Apollo 10 is just one example (although, as far as I can tell, it's the only piece of Apollo left in any orbit). Where are all the Surveyors, Rangers, Lunar Orbiters, and Mars probes? Especially the ones that crashed. Is anyone keeping track of this stuff? A side note of historical interest: due to the mascons in the Moon, lunar orbits are unstable over periods of a few months. Anything left in lunar orbit for more than a year without stationkeeping has crashed. This includes all the other LEM ascent stages (except 13, of course). My LEM GNC friend indicated that the LEMs, at least, may have had some help in crashing. He didn't come right out and say it, but he mentioned that "the flight directors didn't want any leftovers cluttering up the orbit for the next mission." (Not a precise quote.) If this is true, the locations of the other LEMs may be known a bit more precisely. ;-) Where is everything? (Enquiring minds want to know! ;-) Stewart Cobb COBBHS @ afsc-ssd.af.mil ------------------------------ Date: 31 May 90 04:03:47 GMT From: unhd!rmk@uunet.uu.net (Robert M. Kenney) Subject: Re: Soviet Missions to Mars What ever happened to the idea of a network link to the USSR? Seems like the scope of this group(and others) could be improved by getting interaction with our Soviet counterparts. It'd be nice to get launch schedules and other messages from them like we do from our friends at JPL. Whatever happened to that slow news link somebody said he was setting up(~ 3 years ago...)? -- ----------------------------------------------------------------------- Robert M. Kenney uucp: uunet!unhd!rmk USNH Computer Services Nearnet: rmk@unh.edu Kingsbury Hall, UNH BITNET: R_KENNEY@UNHH ------------------------------ Date: 31 May 90 22:11:49 GMT From: frooz!cfa.HARVARD.EDU@husc6.harvard.edu (Steve Willner, OIR) Subject: Condensed CANOPUS - February 1990 Here is the condensed CANOPUS for February 1990. There are three articles condensed and nine articles by title only. CANOPUS is copyright American Institute of Aeronautics and Astronautics, but distribution is encouraged. See full copyright information at end. -----------CONTENTS -- 3 ARTICLES CONDENSED --------------------------- EOS MANAGEMENT TO CHANGE - can900203.txt - 2/7/90 LONG DURATION EXPOSURE FACILITY SHOWS FEW SURPRISES - can900204.txt - 2/7/90 GAMMA-RAY OBSERVATORY SHIPPED FOR LAUNCH - can900207.txt - 2/8/90 ------------------------------------------------------------------------ EOS MANAGEMENT TO CHANGE - can900203.txt - 2/7/90 Management of the polar orbiting platform for the Earth Observing System will be moved from the Space Station Freedom program to the Office of Space Science and Applications. EOS is planned to be a major new effort within NASA, and the unmanned polar platform will be the first piece of hardware to be built for this program. Goddard will retain its management responsibility for developing the platform with General Electric Astro Space, Princeton, N.J., as the prime contractor. Current plans call for the U.S. platform to be launched in 1998 on a Titan IV rocket from Vandenberg Air Force Base, Calif. The platform will have an orbital lifetime of at least 5 years. LONG DURATION EXPOSURE FACILITY SHOWS FEW SURPRISES - can900204.txt - 2/7/90 Television views, astronaut commentary and post-retrieval photos of the Long Duration Exposure Facility (LDEF) from the STS-32 Shuttle mission suggest that the condition of LDEF is about as NASA officials expected. Some thin film test specimens appeared to be degraded or completely eroded. Some thin film balloon material test specimens were broken away at one end. These are expected results that will be fully analyzed when the principal investigators have access to their LDEF experiments. The Kapton thermal covers on two Heavy Ions in Space experiment trays were partially peeled back "like a sardine can" in the words of one astronaut. In addition, the thermal cover strips around the detectors of a space plasma high voltage drainage experiment appear to have eroded away. At least one of the thermal covers of an ultra-heavy cosmic ray nuclei experiment, located adjacent to LDEF's leading edge, exhibited more apparent debris or meteoroid impacts than anticipated but there probably was no effect on the cosmic ray data obtained. GAMMA-RAY OBSERVATORY SHIPPED FOR LAUNCH - can900207.txt - 2/8/90 The Gamma-Ray Observatory (GRO), the second of of NASA'S Four Great Observatories, was shipped Feb. 6 by builder TRW from its Redondo Beach, Calif., facility to Cape Canaveral Air Force Station (CCAFS), Fla., in preparation for Space Shuttle launch from Kennedy Space Center (KSC), Fla., in November. Following the Shuttle launch, GRO will be deployed into a near-circular orbit 279 miles from Earth. The GRO will be the heaviest spacecraft ever deployed from the Space Shuttle, weighing nearly 17 tons. It is among the first spacecraft designed exclusively by computer techniques. Its four scientific instruments are the largest, most advanced and most sensitive of their type ever flown in space. They are designed to study gamma rays emitted by some of the most exotic and explosive objects in the universe. After an initial 2-year mission, the GRO may continue to function for 8 years or longer. ------------------9 ARTICLES BY TITLE ONLY--------------------------- GALILEO MISSION STATUS - can900201.txt - 2/7/90 MAGELLAN STATUS REPORT - can900202.txt - 2/7/90 NEW BUDGET BOOSTS EARTH MISSIONS AND ROBOTS, AXES ASTRO-2 - can900205.txt - 2/7/90 {FY '91 budget request; to be posted separately} GALILEO READIED FOR VENUS FLYBY - can900206.txt NASA RESEARCH ANNOUNCEMENT, MARS '94 - can900208.txt - 2/13/90 {For participation in USSR "Mars '94" mission} NASA RESEARCH ANNOUNCEMENT, PIONEER VENUS - can900209.txt - 2/14/90 {For data analysis; Venus orbiter will re-enter 1992} NASA RESEARCH ANNOUNCEMENT, PIDDP - can900210.txt - 2/14/90 {New instruments for future planetary missions} NASA RESEARCH ANNOUNCEMENT, PLANETARY GEOLOGY - can900211.txt - 2/14/90 {Laboratory, theoretical, and Earth-analog studies} Galileo Flyby Report - can900212.txt - 2/14/90 {of Venus} ------------------END OF CONDENSED CANOPUS--------------------------- This posting represents my own condensation of CANOPUS. For clarity, I have not shown ellipses (...), even when the condensation is drastic. New or significantly rephrased material is in {braces} and is signed {--SW} when it represents an expression of my own opinion. The unabridged CANOPUS is available via e-mail from me at any of the addresses below. Copyright information: ------------------------------------------------------------------------ CANOPUS is published by the American Institute of Aeronautics and Astronautics. Send correspondence about its contents to the executive editor, William W. L. Taylor (taylor%trwatd.span@star.stanford.edu). Send correspondence about business matters to Mr. John Newbauer, AIAA, 1633 Broadway, NY, NY 10019. Although AIAA has copyrighted CANOPUS and registered its name, you are encouraged to distribute CANOPUS widely, either electronically or as printout copies. If you do, however, please send a brief message to Taylor estimating how many others receive copies. CANOPUS is partially supported by the National Space Science Data Center. ------------------------------------------------------------------------ ------------------------------------------------------------------------- Steve Willner Phone 617-495-7123 Bitnet: willner@cfa Cambridge, MA 02138 USA Internet: willner@cfa.harvard.edu ------------------------------ Date: 31 May 90 13:42:08 GMT From: swrinde!cs.utexas.edu!news-server.csri.toronto.edu!helios.physics.utoronto.ca!ists!nereid!white@ucsd.edu (Harold Peter White) Subject: Re: Radiation > That's right. The satellite does not have rad-hard memories because . > km apogee) _does_ have rad-hard memories that were donated by Harris Corp. How much protection would these rad-hard memories provide against single event upsets, & latch ups. ie., what sort of tolerance do they have against total accumulated radiation? >Also, the University of Surrey recently launched two satellites into >LEO that include experiments for the measurement of radiation effects >on memory. Unfortunately, one of the two satellites hasn't been >heard from since shortly after separation. I don't know offhand the >mix of the experiments, so I'm not sure if the working satellite has >radiation experiments or not. I could find out if anyone is dying to >know. I'd love info on these. If experiments are working, who would I communicate with to get info? H. Peter White white@nereid.sal.ists.ca fs300326@Sol.YorkU.CA (416) 665-5444 ext.460 (416)250-5921 (home) ------------------------------ Date: 30 May 90 21:05:02 GMT From: sdd.hp.com!zaphod.mps.ohio-state.edu!sol.ctr.columbia.edu!emory!hubcap!ncrcae!ncr-sd!crash!orbit!pnet51!schaper@ucsd.edu (S Schaper) Subject: Re: The Magellan analogy for $ it wouldn't hurt to mine a nickel-iron apollo asteroid to refinance the federal debt... Back the currency with gold, etc... half a smiley? UUCP: {amdahl!bungia, uunet!rosevax, chinet, killer}!orbit!pnet51!schaper ARPA: crash!orbit!pnet51!schaper@nosc.mil INET: schaper@pnet51.cts.com ------------------------------ End of SPACE Digest V11 #472 *******************