Return-path: X-Andrew-Authenticated-as: 7997;andrew.cmu.edu;Ted Anderson Received: from beak.andrew.cmu.edu via trymail for +dist+/afs/andrew.cmu.edu/usr11/tm2b/space/space.dl@andrew.cmu.edu (->+dist+/afs/andrew.cmu.edu/usr11/tm2b/space/space.dl) (->ota+space.digests) ID ; Sat, 7 Jul 1990 01:48:48 -0400 (EDT) Message-ID: Precedence: junk Reply-To: space+@Andrew.CMU.EDU From: space-request+@Andrew.CMU.EDU To: space+@Andrew.CMU.EDU Date: Sat, 7 Jul 1990 01:48:17 -0400 (EDT) Subject: SPACE Digest V12 #23 SPACE Digest Volume 12 : Issue 23 Today's Topics: NASA to conduct sounding rocket campaign in Kwajalein (Forwarded) one more opinion.... Re: grim tidings for the future Re: one opinion.... GIF programs Galileo Update - 07/06/90 Red Shift Administrivia: Submissions to the SPACE Digest/sci.space should be mailed to space+@andrew.cmu.edu. Other mail, esp. [un]subscription notices, should be sent to space-request+@andrew.cmu.edu, or, if urgent, to tm2b+@andrew.cmu.edu ---------------------------------------------------------------------- Date: 6 Jul 90 16:28:27 GMT From: trident.arc.nasa.gov!yee@ames.arc.nasa.gov (Peter E. Yee) Subject: NASA to conduct sounding rocket campaign in Kwajalein (Forwarded) Paula Cleggett-Haleim Headquarters, Washington, D.C. 20546 July 6, 1990 (Phone: 202/453-1547) Keith Koehler Wallops Flight Facility, Wallops Island, Va. (Phone: 804/824-1579) RELEASE: 90-93 NASA TO CONDUCT SOUNDING ROCKET CAMPAIGN IN KWAJALEIN NASA will conduct a sounding rocket campaign in the South Pacific over the summer to better understand the Earth's ionosphere in the equatorial regions and the response of the ionosphere to electric fields and plasma cloud injections. Several of the rocket experiments will complement a satellite launch planned for this month. From July 10 through Aug. 23, the Wallops Flight Facility (WFF), Wallops Island, Va., of NASA's Goddard Space Flight Center (GSFC), Greenbelt, Md., will launch seven suborbital sounding rockets from the Roi-Namur launch facility in the Kwajalein Atoll in the Republic of the Marshall Islands. Four of these sounding rocket experiments will complement the science objectives of the Combined Release and Radiation Effects Satellite (CRRES), scheduled for launch from the Cape Canaveral Air Force Station on July 17. CRRES is a joint NASA/U.S. Air Force mission that will study the Earth's magnetic field and the effect of space radiation on advanced electronics. The remaining three sounding rocket experiments comprise the Equatorial Ionospheric Studies (EQUIS) program. The sounding rockets will carry experiments designed to study a region of the ionosphere from 155 to 372 miles above the Earth. The experiments will aid scientists in understanding the chemistry and spatial structures of the ionosphere and the fundamental physics of ionosphere disturbances and turbulence in the equatorial regions. The campaign scientist is Dr. Michael Mendillo of Boston University, and the campaign manager is Jay F. Brown of WFF. Seventy-two people from Wallops and the science community will be involved in the campaign. The first series of two experiments, involving four rockets, is part of the CRRES program. These rockets will be launched between July 20 and July 23 and between Aug. 10 and Aug. 23 in launch windows that extend from sunset to two hours after sunset. Each experiment will consist of two Taurus-Nike-Tomahawk sounding rocket launches. In each pair, the first rocket's payload will release 75 pounds of sulfurhexaflouride between 215 and 280 miles altitude. The chemical cloud will not be visible to the eye but will be detectable by low-light-level cameras. The second rocket payload of each pair is instrumented to measure the disturbances produced by the chemical release in the ionosphere. The rocket will be launched eight to 25 minutes after the first rocket, depending on the drift of the chemical cloud. Ground-based radars and optical sensors also will be used from sites on Kwajalein, Wake Island, and Kosrae, Federated States of Micronesia. For the CRRES experiments, Dr. Mendillo is the principal investigator and Brown is the payload manager. The EQUIS component of the Kwajalein Campaign involves three rocket launches. The first two of these experiments (called "Spread F") will occur between July 25 and Aug. 8. The launch window is from one hour before sunset until midnight. Two Terrier-Malemute sounding rockets will carry these payloads to 300 miles altitude. The Spread-F payloads are identical and designed to measure the electric fields and spatial structures in the ionosphere. The rockets will launch during ionospheric disturbances that often occur in the equatorial regions. The principal investigators for these experiments are Dr. Robert F. Pfaff, Jr. of GSFC and Professor Michael C. Kelly, Cornell University. The payload manager for both rockets is Geoff Bland of WFF. The third EQUIS experiment, the Negative Ion and Cation Release Experiment (NICARE) will be launched on a Black Brant IX sounding rocket between Aug. 9 and Aug. 22. The launch window runs for 60 seconds shortly after dusk. The NICARE payload will eject 24.5 pounds of a barium- thermite mixture at about 215 miles altitude during its ascent and will release 65 pounds of sulfurhexaflouride at 210 miles during its descent. The barium-thermite mixture will produce a blue-green cloud that may be visible as far as 600 miles from Kwajalein. The second chemical will not be visible to the eye, but will be detectable by sensitive ground-based optical systems. The NICARE instruments will measure the effects the chemicals have on the ionosphere. Additional data will be obtained from ground-based observation sites within the Marshall Islands. The principal investigator for the experiment is Dr. Paul Bernhardt from the Naval Research Laboratory and the payload manager is Phil Eberspeaker from WFF. The Kwajalein campaign is part of the overall NASA Sounding Rocket program, which is managed at WFF. The program consists of approximately 30 sounding rockets launched each year from various worldwide locations. The overall CRRES program is managed by the Marshall Space Flight Center, Huntsville, Ala., for NASA's Office of Space Science and Applications. - end - EDITORS NOTE: Available to the media only are three photos available in either Color or Black and White of CRRES/EQUIS sounding rocket and payload processing and testing: WI-90-255-1 Terrier-Malemute nose cone deployment test. WI-90-279-9 Terrier-Malemute telemetry section assembly. WI-90-279-4 Black Brant IX spin/balance test. Material can be obtained by calling Wallops Flight Facility Public Affairs Office, 804/824-1579. NASA news releases and other NASA information is available electronically on CompuServe and GEnie, the General Electric Network for Information Exchange. For information on CompuServe, call 1-800-848-8199 and ask for representative 176. For information on GEnie, call 1-800-638-9636. ------------------------------ Date: 6 Jul 90 18:18:43 GMT From: sun-barr!newstop!east!news@ames.arc.nasa.gov (news) Subject: one more opinion.... 1. It's time to relax and give NASA a little break. Everyone is being a little too critical don't you think??? When was the last time anyone put a telescope into space?? Please Relax!!! From: aducharm@popcorn.East.Sun.COM (Alfred Ducharme - Sun BOS Systems Product Assurance) Path: popcorn!aducharm 2. Can anyone back me up on this. As I understand the mirror met the specifications to withing millions of an inch, right?? So this means that the specs were off. If the incorrect specs are known then shouldn't they be able to construct a corrective lens for the WF/PC? I think people should stop worrying about the $1.5 billion dollars. The money was not wasted because the mirror is flawed. There is still alot of usefull data that can be gathered. Just give NASA some time to do some reschedualing. Always interested and always striving to learn more, Fred ------------------------------ Date: 6 Jul 90 23:35:37 GMT From: groucho!steve@handies.ucar.edu (Steve Emmerson) Subject: Re: grim tidings for the future In <37439@ucbvax.BERKELEY.EDU> gwh@earthquake.Berkeley.EDU (George William Herbert) writes: >While there is plenty of ground for feeling that space development has >made mistakes, I don't see how you can feel that it's a bad investment. >What we've spent on R&D for space has paid back 15 times over the >origional investments in ground-based spinoffs. If that isn't >a good investment i have no idea what is... According to the GAO (sorry, no references) direct investment by the Government was three times more efficacious in stimulating new technology than the indirect, "spinoff" effects of the Apollo program. Three times. Steve Emmerson steve@unidata.ucar.edu ...!ncar!unidata!steve ------------------------------ Date: 6 Jul 90 16:25:01 GMT From: eagle!news@ucbvax.Berkeley.EDU (Gregory Fedor) Subject: Re: one opinion.... In article <1990Jul6.032727.15767@eagle.lerc.nasa.gov> tfabian@csd.lerc.nasa.gov (Teddy Fabian) writes: >Maybe I'm just annoyied with the general lack of understanding being >expressed here.. but if you folks are really interested in space and >space related topics, I suggest you back NASA and it's projects.. otherwise >you might not have anything to complain about.. about having something >is better than having nothing... > >my opinions are my own, and do not reflect the official position of NASA... I couldn't have said it better. I too am tired of NASA being the whipping boy for people who are disatisfied that we aren't in a utpoian universe. Despite some failures NASA still has given this country alot and should be allowed (along with others) to continue doing so without political and non-informed kibbitzing. my opinions are also my own and do no reflect the polices of NASA -- =============================================================================== Hailing frequencies closed... Gregory Fedor (216) 433-8468 FTS: 297-8468 ------------------------------ Date: Fri, 6 Jul 90 12:18 EDT From: KEVIN@A.CFR.CMU.EDU Subject: GIF programs X-Envelope-To: space@ANDREW.CMU.EDU Some weeks ago I mentioned the availability of a number of programs, but I had been asked by the archive manager to hold off until they upgraded their net access from 56Kb to 1.5Mb. That has finally been done, and now GIF programs for Mac, Amiga, Msdos, Sun, etc. can be found in the following anonymous FTP site: wuarchive.wustl.edu I went through and found some of the major listings. Hope these are helpful. I make no statements about storage format, reliability, or usefulness - the only programs I've used are the mac '.hqx' files, which are encoded using Stuffit and BinHex (Quick-GIF is nice). You'll have to figure the rest out yourself. /mirrors/info-mac/art/gif/gif-format.txt /mirrors/info-mac/art/gif/giffer-103.hqx /mirrors/info-mac/art/gif/quick-gif.hqx /mirrors/msdos/gif/cshow810.arc /mirrors/msdos/gif/fastgif.arc (others in this directory as well) /usenet/comp.binaries.amiga/volume89/iff/* /usenet/comp.binaries.amiga/volume90/util/virtgif-1.0.Z /usenet/comp.binaries.atari.st/volume4/giffer.Z /usenet/comp.binaries.atari.st/volume9/bgif.Z /usenet/comp.binaries.ibm.pc/volume3/vugif/part01.Z /usenet/comp.binaries.ibm.pc/volume3/vugif/part02.Z /usenet/comp.binaries.ibm.pc/volume5/gif_lib/* /usenet/comp.sources.misc/volume3/giftops.Z /usenet/comp.sources.misc/volume8/gif_sun.Z /usenet/comp.sources.x/volume3/xgif/patch1.Z /usenet/comp.sources.x/volume5/xgifroot/part01.Z /usenet/comp.sources.x/volume7/Tgif/* kwr Internet: kr0u@andrew.cmu.edu ------------------------------ Date: 6 Jul 90 17:56:55 GMT From: usc!elroy.jpl.nasa.gov!jato!mars.jpl.nasa.gov!baalke@ucsd.edu (Ron Baalke) Subject: Galileo Update - 07/06/90 GALILEO MISSION STATUS REPORT July 6, 1990 As of noon Friday (PDT), July 6, 1990, the Galileo spacecraft is 90,432,295 miles from the Earth and traveling at a heliocentric velocity of 53,015 miles per hour. The spacecraft continues to spin at 3.15 rpm in a dual spin cruise configuration. Downlink telemetry rate is at 40 bps and all temperatures are within acceptable ranges. Round trip light time is 16 minutes, 14 seconds. Cruise Science Memory Readouts (MROs) were successfully performed for the Extreme Ultraviolet (EUV), Magnetometer (MAG) and Dust Detector (DDS) instruments on July 2 and 5. A SITURN was successfully performed on July 5. This turn, about 10 degrees, was completed as planned. During the turn the P1A thruster temperature transducer rose as expected and then indicated full saturation (255 DN) toggling twice between the expected value and full saturation. This pattern is similar to the pattern on both the Z1A and the L2B thruster temperature transducers and may indicate the future permanent loss of the P1A thruster temperature transducer. Other than this anomaly the SITURN was completed as planned. A radio frequency subsystem, tracking loop capacitor test was conducted on July 5 as planned. Data collected is being analyzed. Ultra Stable Oscillator (USO) test was conducted on July 2. This is the second of fifteen USO tests scheduled for Venus-Earth-5 (VE-5). The purpose of these tests is to provide continuing trend information characterizing the performance of the USO. Attitude and Articulation Control Subsystem (AACS) wobble calibration test was conducted on July 5. Required data was collected as planned. The AC bus imbalance measurement was relatively stable during the past week varying 8 DN. The AC imbalance measurement currently indicates a near short to chassis (48.9 volts). The DC imbalance measurement was relatively stable throughout the week varying approximately 11 DN. On July 5 between 1902 and 1915 UTC, the DC bus imbalance fluctuated significantly decreasing nearly 40 DN in two discrete steps prior to increasing 20 DN. The DC bus imbalance measurements currently indicate 18.5 volts. Any possible relationship between spacecraft events/activities and the changing DC bus imbalance is being investigated. Lyman Alpha data was collected by the Ultraviolet Spectrometer (UVS) instrument and stored on the spacecraft tape recorder (DMS) for playback in November. This is part of a continuing UVS cruise data gathering program. ___ _____ ___ /_ /| /____/ \ /_ /| | | | | __ \ /| | | | Ron Baalke | baalke@mars.jpl.nasa.gov ___| | | | |__) |/ | | |___ Jet Propulsion Lab | baalke@jems.jpl.nasa.gov /___| | | | ___/ | |/__ /| M/S 301-355 | |_____|/ |_|/ |_____|/ Pasadena, CA 91109 | ------------------------------ Date: 6 Jul 90 19:17:31 GMT From: sun-barr!newstop!east!popcorn!aducharm@ames.arc.nasa.gov (Alfred Ducharme - Sun BOS Systems Product Assurance) Subject: Red Shift I believe that many very knowledgable persons read sci.space, so I have a question I hope you can answer. It seems to me that everyone is pretty much agreed that the universe is expanding. Dr. Hubble and his collegues showed that there is a Red shift that can be observed. This dopler effect is believed to be caused by the universe expanding. S. Hawking has shown that it is possible that the universe might not be expanding. In addition to this I have heard a reference that Wolf (Born and Wolf, authors of many Optics texts) has shown that if a laser is directed through some types of inhomogenous materials a red shift can be observed. He even speculated taht this is the reason that there is a red shift observed when analyzing clestial spectral content. My question is this: Has anyone else heard anything similar to this?? Could there be a type of matter in space (black matter) that causes the red shift? Is the universe expanding? Does the universe have boundaries? Please reply soon..... Fred ------------------------------ End of SPACE Digest V12 #23 *******************