Return-path: X-Andrew-Authenticated-as: 7997;andrew.cmu.edu;Ted Anderson Received: from hogtown.andrew.cmu.edu via trymail for +dist+/afs/andrew.cmu.edu/usr11/tm2b/space/space.dl@andrew.cmu.edu (->+dist+/afs/andrew.cmu.edu/usr11/tm2b/space/space.dl) (->ota+space.digests) ID ; Thu, 7 Feb 91 02:30:22 -0500 (EST) Message-ID: Precedence: junk Reply-To: space+@Andrew.CMU.EDU From: space-request+@Andrew.CMU.EDU To: space+@Andrew.CMU.EDU Date: Thu, 7 Feb 91 02:30:16 -0500 (EST) Subject: SPACE Digest V13 #128 SPACE Digest Volume 13 : Issue 128 Today's Topics: Acronyms periodical posting Whatever Happened To... 1991 Princeton Space Forum (Revision 3) RE: Black holes Re: Soviet Shuttle Re: space news from Dec 17 AW&ST Administrivia: Submissions to the SPACE Digest/sci.space should be mailed to space+@andrew.cmu.edu. Other mail, esp. [un]subscription requests, should be sent to space-request+@andrew.cmu.edu, or, if urgent, to tm2b+@andrew.cmu.edu ---------------------------------------------------------------------- Return-path: X-Andrew-Authenticated-as: 0;andrew.cmu.edu;Network-Mail Date: 2 Feb 91 00:18:05 GMT From: bbn.com!nic!kira!emily!wollman@eddie.mit.edu (Garrett Wollman) Organization: University of Vermont - EMBA Computing Facility Subject: Acronyms periodical posting Sender: space-request@andrew.cmu.edu To: space@andrew.cmu.edu Having received nothing but positive comments to my proposal, I would liike to officially announce that I will be creating a monthly posting of "Acronyms Expanded for New (and Not-so-new) Readers of sci.space." I plan on spending some of my non-abundant free time in the next few weeks creating such a file, with the target date for first posting being around 15 February or so. I would like to ask all readers who know of good sources of acronym material (aside from the SPACE archives), or who have acronyms that they'd like to see expanded, to mail me with that information! Please send your replies to wollman@sadye.uvm.edu. Please also include the header field Keywords: acronyms in your messages; this will allow my message-processing program to automatically file messages in an appropriate location. -GAWollman Garrett A. Wollman - wollman@emily.uvm.edu Disclaimer: I'm not even sure this represents *my* opinion, never mind UVM's, EMBA's, EMBA-CF's, or indeed anyone else's. ------------------------------ Return-path: X-Andrew-Authenticated-as: 0;andrew.cmu.edu;Network-Mail Date: 3 Feb 91 06:07:52 GMT From: crash!dang%crash.cts.com@nosc.mil (Dan Gookin) Subject: Whatever Happened To... Sender: space-request@andrew.cmu.edu To: space@andrew.cmu.edu The Soviet shuttle--the one that looked so strikingly familiar? I remember them making a BIG DEAL about it. But all I recall is that the Soviet Shuttle went up and landed, unmanned, and that was that. If that's the case, why did the Soviets make it? Did they decide they didn't need a shuttle? If so, why build one? Just curious. ------------------------------ Return-path: X-Andrew-Authenticated-as: 0;andrew.cmu.edu;Network-Mail Date: 2 Feb 91 20:06:11 GMT From: phoenix!mcconley@princeton.edu (Marc Wayne Mcconley) Organization: Princeton University, Princeton, New Jersey Subject: 1991 Princeton Space Forum (Revision 3) Sender: space-request@andrew.cmu.edu To: space@andrew.cmu.edu MOON, MARS, AND BEYOND Top Space Experts to Explore America's Future in Space at Public Forum Princeton, NJ - On February 11, 1991, six of the nation's leading authorities on space will participate in an innovative public forum entitled "Moon, Mars, and Beyond" to discuss the policy options now being considered by the Bush administration for America's space program. The forum will foster interaction among these experts and the public and will provide a non-technical perspective on strategies for the exploration and settlement of the solar system. Participants include the current Deputy Administrator of NASA, and an entrepreneur whose private company launches commercial payloads into orbit. (A complete list of speakers appears below.) "Moon, Mars, and Beyond" begins at 7:30 pm on Monday, February 11, 1991, in Richardson Auditorium in Alexander Hall, Princeton University. Admission is $6 to individuals not affiliated with Princeton University. Tickets may be purchased through the Richardson Auditorium Box Office by phone (609-258-5000) with VISA or MasterCard only. The Box Office adds a $1 service charge to the price of each ticket for phone orders. Tickets may also be purchased in person at the Box Office with cash, check, or credit card. The Box Office is open from 4 to 6 pm, Monday through Friday, and beginning at 4 pm on the day of the forum. There will be a banquet prior to the forum, at 5:00 pm on February 11 in the Senior Room of the Nassau Inn at Palmer Square, on Nassau Street in Princeton. Tickets to the banquet are $35/plate. To order banquet tickets send a check or money order, payable to Princeton Planetary Society, for $35 per ticket to: Princeton Planetary Society, 315 West College, Princeton University, Princeton NJ 08544. For more information, contact Audrey Robinson at 609-258-7947. The forum is sponsored by the Princeton Planetary Society, a student-run chapter of the National Space Society. "Moon, Mars, and Beyond" is the Third Annual Princeton Space Forum. The first two forums each attracted 500 people and widespread media coverage. -- Marc W. McConley Vice President / President-Elect, Princeton Planetary Society Reply-To: mcconley@phoenix.Princeton.EDU || (609) 258-7674 ===================================================================== The following is a complete list of speakers: JOHN BAHCALL is Professor of Astrophysics in the School of Natural Science at the Institute for Advanced Study in Princeton. He is President of the American Astronomical Society and Chairman of the National Academy of Sciences Astronomy and Astrophysics Survey Committee for the 1990s. At present Bahcall is Principal Investigator on the Hubble Space Telescope Key Project for Quasar Absorption Lines. Bahcall works on galaxy models, dark matter, neutron stars, quasars, and solar neutrinos. JAMES C BENNETT is currently the Corporate Vice President of American Rocket Company, the private launch company which developed the non-explosive hybrid rocket engine. He was also a co-founder of Space Enterprise Consultants, the first consulting firm devoted entirely to commercial space development, and co-founder of Arc Technologies, Inc., an early private space-launch venture. Bennett is a member of the Legislative Committee of the National Space Society. LORI B GARVER is Executive Director of the National Space Society, a public-interest space support organization. She is a founder of Spacecause, a national lobbying group formed in 1987 to support the space program, and is currently on its Board of Directors. Garver is a co-chair of the education committee for the International Astronautical Federation and is a member of the Board of Directors of Women in Aerospace, a professional organization created to honor outstanding women in the space field. She will moderate the panel discussion. LINDA HULL STRINE is the Deputy Associate Director for Program Affairs in the Office of Commercial Space Transportation at the U.S. Department of Transportation. The Program Affairs division facilitates development of the U.S. commercial space transportation industry by providing technical information to the space community and to other Federal agencies. Her division also manages the Commercial Space Transportation Advisory Committee which advises the Secretary of Transportation. Strine is currently serving her second year as President of Women in Aerospace. J R THOMPSON, JR became Deputy Administrator of NASA in 1989, following 33 months as head of the Marshall Space Flight Center, Huntsville, AL. Druing that period, the Marshall Center oversaw the redesign and testing of the Space Shuttle's critical solid rocket boosters. Before becoming director at Marshall, Thompson served 3 years as deputy director for technical operations at Princeton's Plasma Physics Laboratory. In 1986 he served as the vice chairman of the NASA task force inquiring into the cause of the Space Shuttle Challenger accident. Previously, Thompson spent 20 years with NASA at Marshall in various positions, where he was responsible for the development and operation of the most advanced liquid propulsion rocket engine ever created. Thompson will deliver the keynote address at the forum. ROBERT G TORRICELLI (D-NJ, 9th district) is serving his fifth term in the House of Representatives. He is chairman of the Transportation, Aviation, and Materials Subcommittee of the Committee on Science, Space, and Technology. Torricelli sponsored the legislation enacted to build a new orbiter following the destruction of the Challenger and also wrote legislation to promote multinational cooperation in the exploration of Mars. ------------------------------ Return-path: X-Andrew-Authenticated-as: 5247;andrew.cmu.edu;Todd L. Masco ReSent-Date: Mon, 4 Feb 91 17:45:27 -0500 (EST) ReSent-From: "Todd L. Masco" ReSent-To: Space Return-path: Date: Sun, 03 Feb 91 21:36:03 CET From: GUNNAR RADONS Subject: RE: Black holes To: Sapce digest RE: black holes question from mldemsey@casion.cs.arizona.edu Dear Mathew, I read your note in Space Digest, which reached me just today. I am not a specialist on relativity, but as I remember from some lecture on relativity there are two answers to your question: 1) mathematically spoken, you are on curved space and the collapse even curves it's surrounding more and more, so -as I remember - the collapse just never ends. You should check with a reader on general or special relativity about hte mathematic point of it. 2) Technically, a black hole is 'created' once the gravitational pull of the collapsing star equals the kinetic energy of the photon. Even with the photons having restmass=0, they have a momentum which might be calculated from the standard equation of relativistic energy. (You dont even to go that far: Ephot= h*c must be overcome by gravitation: Epot= G*M/R in a crude approximation, but the relativistic formulation should be more exact). Using the relat. formulation and solving for R gives something similar to R= sqr(G*M/c) (just don't remember it) which is called the Schwarzschild-Radius. Once the collapsar is smaller then this radius, it's called a black hole. But even then there are QM effects, which make the bh radiate like for example the vacuum polarisation. Effects like that schould be mentioned in the book of Hawkins. Thank you very much Gunnar Radons, s46@dhdurz1.bitnet ------------------------------ Return-path: X-Andrew-Authenticated-as: 0;andrew.cmu.edu;Network-Mail Date: Sun, 3 Feb 91 15:17:24 EST From: John Roberts Organization: National Institute of Standards and Technology formerly National Bureau of Standards Disclaimer: Opinions expressed are those of the sender and do not reflect NIST policy or agreement. To: space@andrew.cmu.edu Subject: Re: Soviet Shuttle >From: dang@crash.cts.com (Dan Gookin) >Subject: Whatever Happened To... >Date: 3 Feb 91 06:07:52 GMT >The Soviet shuttle--the one that looked so strikingly familiar? >I remember them making a BIG DEAL about it. But all I recall is >that the Soviet Shuttle went up and landed, unmanned, and that >was that. >If that's the case, why did the Soviets make it? Did they decide >they didn't need a shuttle? If so, why build one? >Just curious. The single unmanned Soviet shuttle flight had considerable publicity value, though it didn't quite manage to launch before the first US Shuttle flight after Challenger. The original Buran orbiter has been retired from service. There *may* still be an ongoing effort to construct a new orbiter, but there is considerable doubt as to whether they will ever bother to launch it. With a healthy fleet of unmanned launchers, the only solid application for their shuttle would be to retrieve large payloads from orbit, and there doesn't seem to be much current interest in that. There is also cause for concern over Energia (or Energiya, as the US contractor calls it). Despite many initial reports on the net about its great cost saving through mass production, I believe only two have been launched. (Anybody know how many are sitting around on the ground?) There are reports of a new smaller version, which may see more use. John Roberts roberts@cmr.ncsl.nist.gov ------------------------------ Return-path: X-Andrew-Authenticated-as: 0;andrew.cmu.edu;Network-Mail Date: 3 Feb 91 00:02:41 GMT From: zaphod.mps.ohio-state.edu!rpi!mvk@tut.cis.ohio-state.edu (Michael V. Kent) Organization: Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, Troy NY Subject: Re: space news from Dec 17 AW&ST References: <189.27A9470A@nss.FIDONET.ORG> Sender: space-request@andrew.cmu.edu To: space@andrew.cmu.edu >I would rather think that in about 10 years we'll be playing the same >catch-up games with the Japanese. Their government (and, more importantly, >industry) seems to be taking space industrialization very seriously. See >the August 13 issue of AW&ST. I know I sometimes feel this way too -- usually after Congressional budget hearings -- but don't count American industry out yet. Whether the Japanese can outperform the Americans remains to be seen. The market is beginning to take effect (perhaps the great benefit of the Challenger disaster). McDonnell Douglas, OSC/Hercules, Martin Marietta, and General Dyanamics have moved into the launch business after commercial payloads were removed from the Space Shuttle manifest. Motorola is seriously undertaking a 77 satellite constellation for mobile communication. The NASP contractors are putting up 50% in the effort to gain the technology necessary to remain competitive in the 21st century. Add to this the relavtive infancy of the Japanese aerospace industry. They have yet to give the American/European aircraft industry a run for their money. Spacecraft manufacture is at least an order of magnitude more difficult than aircraft manufacture. For the next 15 years, at least, America's greatest competition is space will be 1) Soviet Union and 2) the European Community. And to see American plans for SEI, check out the December 1990 issue of Ad Astra. As for the Japanese, just give them more time. Michael Kent mvk@itsgw.rpi.edu ------------------------------ End of SPACE Digest V13 #128 *******************