Return-path: X-Andrew-Authenticated-as: 7997;andrew.cmu.edu;Ted Anderson Received: from hogtown.andrew.cmu.edu via trymail for +dist+/afs/andrew.cmu.edu/usr11/tm2b/space/space.dl@andrew.cmu.edu (->+dist+/afs/andrew.cmu.edu/usr11/tm2b/space/space.dl) (->ota+space.digests) ID ; Mon, 11 Mar 91 01:58:33 -0500 (EST) Message-ID: Precedence: junk Reply-To: space+@Andrew.CMU.EDU From: space-request+@Andrew.CMU.EDU To: space+@Andrew.CMU.EDU Date: Mon, 11 Mar 91 01:58:29 -0500 (EST) Subject: SPACE Digest V13 #255 SPACE Digest Volume 13 : Issue 255 Today's Topics: Re: Government vs. Commercial R&D NASA Prediction Bulletins, Part 2 Re: Terraforming, sun shield Re: SPACE Digest V13 #243 Administrivia: Submissions to the SPACE Digest/sci.space should be mailed to space+@andrew.cmu.edu. Other mail, esp. [un]subscription requests, should be sent to space-request+@andrew.cmu.edu, or, if urgent, to tm2b+@andrew.cmu.edu ---------------------------------------------------------------------- Date: 7 Mar 91 19:29:13 GMT From: magnus.ircc.ohio-state.edu!zaphod.mps.ohio-state.edu!unix.cis.pitt.edu!pitt!nss!Paul.Blase@tut.cis.ohio-state.edu (Paul Blase) Subject: Re: Government vs. Commercial R&D HS> Ah, this explains why high-bypass turbofans, supercritical HS> airfoils, winglets, riblets, etc. were all invented by the HS> commercial aviation industry? (For the benefit of the HS> spectators :-), NASA invented all of these and all have been or HS> are being enthusiastically adopted by commercial aviation.) Thank you, thank you, thank you. I was wondering when somebody else would notice that! --- via Silver Xpress V2.26 [NR] -- Paul Blase - via FidoNet node 1:129/104 UUCP: ...!pitt!nss!Paul.Blase INTERNET: Paul.Blase@nss.FIDONET.ORG ------------------------------ Date: 9 Mar 91 19:29:14 GMT From: udecc.engr.udayton.edu!blackbird.afit.af.mil!news@tut.cis.ohio-state.edu (TS Kelso) Subject: NASA Prediction Bulletins, Part 2 The most current orbital elements from the NASA Prediction Bulletins are carried on the Celestial BBS, (513) 427-0674, and are updated several times weekly. Documentation and tracking software are also available on this system. As a service to the satellite user community, the most current of these elements are uploaded weekly to sci.space. This week's elements are provided below. The Celestial BBS may be accessed 24 hours/day at 300, 1200, or 2400 baud using 8 data bits, 1 stop bit, no parity. - Current NASA Prediction Bulletins #819b - SPOT 2 1 20436U 90 5 A 91 61.69924323 .00001329 00000-0 64189-3 0 4928 2 20436 98.7076 137.5139 0000869 75.2724 284.8546 14.20055828 57434 UO-14 1 20437U 90 5 B 91 66.70027352 .00001243 00000-0 50772-3 0 3132 2 20437 98.6782 146.7594 0011503 100.3726 259.8778 14.28944740 58498 UO-15 1 20438U 90 5 C 91 65.23854784 .00000807 00000-0 33759-3 0 1978 2 20438 98.6813 145.2249 0010415 104.9447 255.2888 14.28581408 58272 PACSAT 1 20439U 90 5 D 91 66.53161066 .00001255 00000-0 51139-3 0 2057 2 20439 98.6791 146.8522 0012456 104.8369 255.4190 14.29038721 58474 DO-17 1 20440U 90 5 E 91 64.34711593 .00001348 00000-0 54732-3 0 2046 2 20440 98.6797 144.7136 0012294 111.0461 249.2082 14.29101445 58164 WO-18 1 20441U 90 5 F 91 63.97084201 .00001177 00000-0 47913-3 0 2036 2 20441 98.6811 144.3884 0013284 113.5260 246.7405 14.29164857 58114 LO-19 1 20442U 90 5 G 91 64.51087770 .00001212 00000-0 49250-3 0 2049 2 20442 98.6797 144.9674 0013125 110.6526 249.6064 14.29241772 58191 GPS BII-06 1 20452U 90 8 A 91 56.28457796 .00000004 00000-0 99999-4 0 1523 2 20452 54.4054 245.6591 0044363 51.1980 309.2069 2.00554453 7928 MOS-1B 1 20478U 90 13 A 91 66.71204612 -.00000004 00000-0 99999-5 0 5125 2 20478 99.1594 140.4285 0001414 142.1261 218.0021 13.94848009 54875 DEBUT 1 20479U 90 13 B 91 58.44079657 .00000015 00000-0 63229-4 0 1871 2 20479 99.0189 61.4649 0540905 190.0970 168.8902 12.83170741 49482 FO-20 1 20480U 90 13 C 91 62.96810396 .00000091 00000-0 25399-3 0 1811 2 20480 99.0222 65.1317 0540411 179.9283 180.1985 12.83174409 50069 MOS-1B R/B 1 20491U 90 13 D 91 65.93720291 .00000577 00000-0 11334-2 0 2056 2 20491 99.0178 78.5447 0471388 135.3000 228.7127 13.02810470 50617 LACE 1 20496U 90 15 A 91 66.71816144 .00014723 00000-0 78592-3 0 4525 2 20496 43.0959 310.9447 0018271 211.7776 148.1970 15.14828875 58508 RME 1 20497U 90 15 B 91 66.56852326 .00031242 00000-0 66104-3 0 4915 2 20497 43.1110 225.0826 0020463 278.4267 81.4157 15.44333395 59437 Nadezhda 2 1 20508U 90 17 A 91 63.92736637 .00000311 00000-0 32155-3 0 2610 2 20508 82.9506 227.6334 0044340 342.4785 17.4829 13.73275811 50792 OKEAN 2 1 20510U 90 18 A 91 64.20372308 .00004879 00000-0 73240-3 0 4308 2 20510 82.5237 217.1508 0020017 143.4267 216.8315 14.74267490 54513 INTELSAT-6 1 20523U 90 21 A 91 62.01325021 .00008107 00000-0 57046-3 0 4497 2 20523 28.3339 6.7184 0014890 76.4736 283.7514 15.03209790 53423 GPS BII-07 1 20533U 90 25 A 91 65.66961851 -.00000034 00000-0 99999-4 0 1283 2 20533 55.1841 5.3457 0033528 97.2643 263.1277 2.00565297 6869 PegSat 1 20546U 90 28 A 91 66.29690068 .00020227 00000-0 10912-2 0 4519 2 20546 94.1425 355.5930 0141134 102.2771 259.4318 15.06462335 49604 HST 1 20580U 91 65.29104822 .00008600 00000-0 93354-3 0 4024 2 20580 28.4691 19.8534 0005577 322.3301 37.6953 14.86548106 46988 Glonass 44 1 20619U 90 45 A 91 66.41960589 -.00000018 00000-0 99999-5 0 3972 2 20619 65.0424 29.9080 0022765 219.3706 140.4641 2.13102942 6234 Glonass 45 1 20620U 90 45 B 91 66.06820448 -.00000018 00000-0 99999-4 0 4053 2 20620 65.0444 29.9233 0007261 17.7825 342.2349 2.13102781 6232 Glonass 46 1 20621U 90 45 C 91 66.12697361 -.00000018 00000-0 99999-4 0 3450 2 20621 65.0531 29.9374 0012823 213.5500 146.3580 2.13102330 6232 Kristall 1 20635U 90 48 A 91 66.71197236 .00046821 00000-0 52346-3 0 3948 2 20635 51.6027 81.8258 0017290 31.5271 328.6754 15.62080641289275 ROSAT 1 20638U 90 49 A 91 66.22126346 .00009240 00000-0 75620-3 0 2046 2 20638 52.9880 321.8877 0015223 53.5089 306.7291 14.99885751 41721 Meteor 2-19 1 20670U 90 57 A 91 60.04042831 .00000203 00000-0 17348-3 0 1571 2 20670 82.5447 84.7912 0014873 292.0976 67.8617 13.83917254 34045 CRRES 1 20712U 90 65 A 91 66.79102113 .00003669 00000-0 35521-2 0 1587 2 20712 18.0905 314.3870 7121778 12.3369 358.5883 2.44028045 5509 GPS BII-08 1 20724U 90 68 A 91 55.54435681 .00000016 00000-0 99999-4 0 845 2 20724 54.6996 186.1883 0096447 122.6748 238.2165 2.00563932 4103 Feng Yun1-2 1 20788U 90 81 A 91 65.96068295 .00000525 00000-0 37304-3 0 1050 2 20788 98.9482 101.5612 0016539 101.7528 258.5509 14.01061992 25892 Meteor 2-20 1 20826U 90 86 A 91 65.86926058 .00000323 00000-0 28436-3 0 1093 2 20826 82.5227 19.2526 0012875 160.9622 199.2040 13.83282524 22063 GPS BII-09 1 20830U 90 88 A 91 53.08841352 .00000013 00000-0 99999-4 0 856 2 20830 54.9030 128.6742 0075781 116.1874 244.6526 2.00566684 3135 GPS BII-10 1 20959U 90103 A 91 63.46731854 .00000016 00000-0 99999-4 0 240 2 20959 54.9145 187.4011 0030795 269.4421 89.8824 2.00565406 1939 DMSP B5D2-5 1 20978U 91 66.46488564 .00002253 00000-0 84708-3 0 806 2 20978 98.8513 101.5136 0082213 77.2781 283.7582 14.30657621 13708 Soyuz TM-11 1 20981U 90107 A 91 66.71197236 .00046857 00000-0 52346-3 0 1002 2 20981 51.6095 81.8224 0018328 35.4435 324.7423 15.62075754289274 Glonass 47 1 21006U 90110 A 91 66.16614991 .00000020 00000-0 99999-4 0 867 2 21006 64.8393 149.4454 0062005 186.2811 173.6888 2.13102100 1917 Glonass 48 1 21007U 90110 B 91 66.34256250 .00000020 00000-0 99999-4 0 947 2 21007 64.8597 149.4617 0039442 179.9991 180.0437 2.13100296 1918 Glonass 49 1 21008U 90110 C 91 66.69464931 .00000020 00000-0 99999-4 0 819 2 21008 64.8385 149.4367 0009923 292.0646 67.8788 2.13100165 1928 Progress M6 1 21053U 91 2 A 91 66.83992094 .00046843 00000-0 52346-3 0 583 2 21053 51.6074 81.1736 0017017 32.0502 328.1700 15.62098631289292 INFORMTR-1 1 21087U 91 66.25177979 .00000243 00000-0 24476-3 0 184 2 21087 82.9459 309.1573 0035137 180.8777 179.2321 13.74349312 5021 Cosmos 2123 1 21089U 91 7 A 91 64.35259476 .00000256 00000-0 26172-3 0 230 2 21089 82.9246 181.0556 0028182 207.5518 152.4150 13.73865053 3886 Cosmos 2124 1 21092U 91 8 A 91 66.81854940 .00525780 39657-4 39630-3 0 775 2 21092 62.8205 248.5767 0104441 138.0977 222.9224 16.03873006 4547 Cosmos 2125 1 21100U 91 9 A 91 56.86347467 .00000009 00000-0 99999-4 0 77 2 21100 74.0308 172.6529 0009766 140.3703 219.8063 12.49762573 1721 Cosmos 2126 1 21101U 90 9 B 91 56.82591456 .00000008 00000-0 99999-4 0 82 2 21101 74.0305 172.8033 0019493 223.9385 136.0114 12.45872183 1691 Cosmos 2127 1 21102U 91 9 C 91 56.80286051 .00000008 00000-0 99999-4 0 107 2 21102 74.0307 172.7919 0007201 219.6339 140.4183 12.47979047 1695 Cosmos 2128 1 21103U 91 9 D 91 56.84212215 .00000009 00000-0 99999-4 0 81 2 21103 74.0304 172.5833 0014413 87.7345 272.5357 12.51713942 1707 Cosmos 2129 1 21104U 91 9 E 91 56.82234943 .00000009 00000-0 99999-4 0 82 2 21104 74.0300 172.5831 0024461 86.7755 273.6096 12.53529066 1706 Cosmos 2130 1 21105U 91 9 F 91 56.86464416 .00000010 00000-0 99999-4 0 56 2 21105 74.0296 172.3876 0043158 84.7436 275.8540 12.56965377 1717 Cosmos 2131 1 21106U 91 9 G 91 56.84531224 .00000011 00000-0 99999-4 0 81 2 21106 74.0308 172.3501 0051251 74.8518 285.8199 12.58741458 1716 Cosmos 2132 1 21107U 91 9 H 91 56.72358317 .00000010 00000-0 99999-4 0 55 2 21107 74.0300 172.6164 0033584 82.7872 277.7040 12.55284150 1709 1991 009J 1 21108U 91 9 J 91 62.94236834 .00000005 00000-0 99999-4 0 308 2 21108 74.0386 166.0317 0166507 245.0348 112.8991 12.19552620 2429 1991 009K 1 21109U 91 9 K 91 66.84004224 .00000004 00000-0 99999-4 0 172 2 21109 74.0370 161.2821 0173856 239.3604 119.0197 12.17448173 2901 1991 009L 1 21110U 91 9 L 91 66.74539302 .00000004 00000-0 99999-4 0 195 2 21110 74.0502 161.9700 0238302 242.8736 114.7958 12.05334687 2869 1991 010A 1 21111U 91 10 A 91 64.10838976 -.00000115 00000-0 99999-4 0 212 2 21111 2.2803 282.3848 0006105 284.5300 74.9353 1.00272602 205 1991 010D 1 21114U 91 10 D 91 66.57697894 .00003821 00000-0 21608-2 0 81 2 21114 47.3656 275.3250 7276017 5.4899 359.4688 2.26829435 476 1991 009M 1 21115U 91 9 M 91 62.68215212 .00000004 00000-0 99999-4 0 66 2 21115 74.0383 166.5389 0185425 238.7334 119.5598 12.15401490 2401 1991 011A 1 21116U 91 11 A 91 66.83551323 .00310303 10946-4 20149-3 0 416 2 21116 64.7242 246.3762 0036479 34.2737 326.0989 16.15378174 3309 Molniya1-80 1 21118U 91 12 A 91 63.01729621 .00000381 00000-0 25028-2 0 175 2 21118 62.7954 322.2437 7437166 280.1750 10.8592 2.00581276 341 1991 012D 1 21121U 91 12 D 91 65.17990549 -.00000192 00000-0 65296-3 0 327 2 21121 62.7438 322.1145 7396382 280.0691 11.1479 2.05518272 387 1991 010E 1 21122U 91 10 E 91 66.61630947 .00001713 00000-0 22690-2 0 115 2 21122 47.3666 275.3766 7256661 5.4881 359.4723 2.26358562 470 1991 010F 1 21129U 91 10 F 91 65.11231418 -.00000037 00000-0 99999-4 0 124 2 21129 2.3218 282.2567 0018263 39.4539 320.3069 1.00097155 133 Cosmos 2135 1 21130U 91 13 A 91 66.63213955 .00000107 00000-0 99999-4 0 85 2 21130 82.8241 249.6408 0065038 251.8969 107.5122 13.77537584 1301 1991 013B 1 21131U 91 13 B 91 65.31544319 .00000110 00000-0 99999-4 0 85 2 21131 82.8204 250.6215 0057922 253.9933 105.4841 13.79129051 1129 1991 014A 1 21132U 91 14 A 91 65.87397977 -.00000288 00000-0 99999-4 0 81 2 21132 1.4865 251.3075 0032892 23.3462 336.1399 0.99672713 88 1991 014D 1 21135U 91 14 D 91 62.88519996 -.00000040 00000-0 99999-4 0 18 2 21135 1.5559 250.1373 0022044 344.6188 15.6113 1.03434118 64 1991 015A 1 21139U 91 15 A 91 65.24841034 -.00000053 00000-0 99999-4 0 44 2 21139 0.4452 317.5722 1720263 189.2729 225.1621 1.27286540 47 1991 015B 1 21140U 91 15 B 91 65.44529758 -.00000114 00000-0 99999-4 0 86 2 21140 1.1998 295.5821 0067835 32.8415 326.9987 1.00584157 07 1991 015C 1 21141U 91 15 C 91 65.77429373 .00000374 00000-0 99999-4 0 37 2 21141 7.0990 327.9940 7312267 180.6512 177.1696 2.24678540 62 1991 015D 1 21142U 91 15 D 91 64.19999999 .00000997 00000-0 99999-4 0 29 2 21142 7.0180 328.4950 7306588 179.5130 3.7230 2.27264167 37 1991 016A 1 21143U 91 16 A 91 66.82341124 .00053503 62309-5 11367-3 0 44 2 21143 62.8486 341.5451 0047552 122.2407 238.2850 15.96766482 182 1991 016B 1 21144U 91 16 B 91 67.01129302 .00792116 30730-3 14550-2 0 79 2 21144 62.8394 340.8435 0042792 112.7138 254.7875 15.99189417 215 -- Dr TS Kelso Assistant Professor of Space Operations tkelso@blackbird.afit.af.mil Air Force Institute of Technology ------------------------------ Date: 7 Mar 91 19:32:07 GMT From: magnus.ircc.ohio-state.edu!zaphod.mps.ohio-state.edu!unix.cis.pitt.edu!pitt!nss!Paul.Blase@tut.cis.ohio-state.edu (Paul Blase) Subject: Re: Terraforming, sun shield SW> Before we start terraforming, we should remember that no SW> geometric progression can continue forever. A very old Isaac SW> Asimov article pointed out many years ago that with a 50-year SW> doubling time for human population, the mass of humans would SW> exceed the mass of the earth by about the year 3000. Put SW> another way, if Venus could be opened for human colonization at SW> the time Earth becomes "full" (whatever that means), then Venus SW> would become full only 50 years later. I rather think that space colonies, like most of those in the New World, will be made of up of groups that, for one reason or another, want to (or must) leave the Old World. I forsee a large migration of religous groups off of the planet whenever the means (and the goal) become available. Maybe we should turn Venus into a prison colony, like Australia used to be? --- via Silver Xpress V2.26 [NR] -- Paul Blase - via FidoNet node 1:129/104 UUCP: ...!pitt!nss!Paul.Blase INTERNET: Paul.Blase@nss.FIDONET.ORG ------------------------------ Date: Sat, 9 Mar 1991 17:23 EST From: Kom Subject: Re: SPACE Digest V13 #243 signoff SPACE (GLOBAL ------------------------------ End of SPACE Digest V13 #255 *******************