Return-path: X-Andrew-Authenticated-as: 7997;andrew.cmu.edu;Ted Anderson Received: from hogtown.andrew.cmu.edu via trymail for +dist+/afs/andrew.cmu.edu/usr11/tm2b/space/space.dl@andrew.cmu.edu (->+dist+/afs/andrew.cmu.edu/usr11/tm2b/space/space.dl) (->ota+space.digests) ID ; Tue, 12 Mar 91 01:58:23 -0500 (EST) Message-ID: Precedence: junk Reply-To: space+@Andrew.CMU.EDU From: space-request+@Andrew.CMU.EDU To: space+@Andrew.CMU.EDU Date: Tue, 12 Mar 91 01:58:17 -0500 (EST) Subject: SPACE Digest V13 #261 SPACE Digest Volume 13 : Issue 261 Today's Topics: Re: Names of notable women to be proposed for Venus features (Forwarded) Galileo Update - 03/11/91 Jonathan's Space Report, Mar 11 Re: Korabl Sputnik Re: German conference highlights doubts about ESA's manned space plans New Aussie Space Magazine Re: Three-Letter Acronym (TLA) Update Program (UP) RE:Planets stats O-Ring and Feynman Administrivia: Submissions to the SPACE Digest/sci.space should be mailed to space+@andrew.cmu.edu. Other mail, esp. [un]subscription requests, should be sent to space-request+@andrew.cmu.edu, or, if urgent, to tm2b+@andrew.cmu.edu ---------------------------------------------------------------------- Date: 11 Mar 91 20:55:38 GMT From: sdd.hp.com!wuarchive!rex!rouge!dlbres10@ucsd.edu (Fraering Philip) Subject: Re: Names of notable women to be proposed for Venus features (Forwarded) Looking at the surface of Venus, maybe we should save the names of prominent women for the surfaces of comets or for specific rings in the rings of Saturn and so on... Phil Fraering dlbres10@pc.usl.edu ------------------------------ Date: 12 Mar 91 00:44:32 GMT From: usc!elroy.jpl.nasa.gov!jato!mars.jpl.nasa.gov!baalke@ucsd.edu (Ron Baalke) Subject: Galileo Update - 03/11/91 GALILEO STATUS REPORT March 11, 1991 The Galileo spacecraft health continues to be excellent. Today, spacecraft activities will consist of performing cruise science memory readouts for the EUV (Extreme Ultraviolet Spectrometer), MAG (Magnetometer) and DDS (Dust Detector) instruments, and collecting UVS (Ultraviolet Spectrometer) Lyman-Alpha data. Tomorrow, no spacecraft activities are planned. ___ _____ ___ /_ /| /____/ \ /_ /| Ron Baalke | baalke@mars.jpl.nasa.gov | | | | __ \ /| | | | Jet Propulsion Lab | ___| | | | |__) |/ | | |___ M/S 301-355 | Change is constant. /___| | | | ___/ | |/__ /| Pasadena, CA 91109 | |_____|/ |_|/ |_____|/ | ------------------------------ Date: 11 Mar 91 23:29:30 GMT From: elroy.jpl.nasa.gov!freedom!xanth!mcdowell@decwrl.dec.com (Jonathan McDowell) Subject: Jonathan's Space Report, Mar 11 Jonathan's Space Report Mar 11 1991 (no.67) ---------------------------------------------------- Launch of STS-37/Atlantis and the Gamma Ray Observatory remains due for early April. Viktor Afanas'ev and Musa Manarov continue in orbit aboard the Mir/Kvant/Kvant-2/Kristall/Soyuz TM-11/Progress M-6 complex. An Ariane 4 rocket successfully orbited two satellites on Mar 2. Astra 1B is a TV broadcasting satellite owned by the Luxembourg based company SES (Societe Europeene des Satellites). MOP (Meteosat Operational Programme) 2 is a European geostationary weather satellite and will probably be renamed Meteosat 5 now that it is in orbit. It is operated by ESA for the EUMETSAT (European Meteorological Satellite Organization). The Arianespace SA Ariane rocket is launched from the ESA base at Kourou in Guyane; the third stage enters an elliptical geostationary transfer orbit (GTO) with a perigee of a few hundred km and an apogee of 36000 km. The two satellites separate from the third stage, and then once at apogee ignite their internal rocket motors (a European MAGE rocket for Meteosat, and probably a Thiokol Star 30 for Astra), putting them in approximately circular equatorial 24 hour orbits. Small thrusters are used to put the satellites in near exact stationary orbits once they have drifted to the right longitude. The 27th Raduga geostationary communications satellite was launched on Feb 28 by 4-stage Proton from Baykonur. Raduga is a C-band comsat for relay of telephone and TV transmissions, first launched in 1975 for the Soviet Ministry of Communications. A Delta II 6925 launch vehicle placed the INMARSAT II F-2 satellite in geostationary transfer orbit on Mar 10. INMARSAT is the International Maritime Satellite Organization. The INMARSAT satellites provide L-band mobile communications links for ships, aircraft and vehicles. The first INMARSAT II was launched last year. There were no INMARSAT I satellites; previously INMARSAT leased the MARECS satellites from ESA, the MARISAT satellites from Comsat General Corp., and the MCS transponders on the INTELSAT VA satellites. ___________________________________ |Current STS status: | |Orbiters | | | |OV-102 Columbia OPF Bay 1 | |OV-103 Discovery VAB Bay 3 | |OV-104 Atlantis VAB Bay 3 | | | |ML/ET/SRB stacks | | | |ML1/STS-37/ET/OV-104 VAB Bay 1 | |ML2/STS-39/ET/OV-103 VAB Bay 3 | |ML3/STS-40 Outside VAB| ----------------------------------- 10 years ago: 12 Mar 1981 Vladimir Kovalyonok and Viktor Savinykh reached orbit in Soyuz T-4. They were the last long stay crew aboard the Salyut 6 space station, remaining there for two and a half months. 20 years ago: 3 Mar 1971 The second Chinese satellite, Shi Jian, was launched by a Chang Zheng 1 rocket. Its transmitter operated for 8 years. 30 years ago: 9 Mar 1961. Korabl'-Sputnik-4 was launched by Vostok rocket from Baykonur on one of the final unpiloted test flights of the Vostok spaceship. The cabin, containing guinea pigs, mice, insects, and a dog called Chernushka, was recovered after one orbit. (c) 1991 Jonathan McDowell. Information in this report is obtained from public sources and does not reflect the official views of NASA. .-----------------------------------------------------------------------------. | Jonathan McDowell | phone : (205)544-7724 | | Space Science Lab ES65 | uucp: | | NASA Marshall Space Flight Center | bitnet : | | Huntsville AL 35812 | inter : mcdowell@xanth.msfc.nasa.gov | | USA | span : ssl::mcdowell | '-----------------------------------------------------------------------------' ------------------------------ Date: 8 Mar 91 17:17:49 GMT From: zaphod.mps.ohio-state.edu!swrinde!elroy.jpl.nasa.gov!zardoz.cpd.com!dhw68k!ofa123!David.Anderman@tut.cis.ohio-state.edu (David Anderman) Subject: Re: Korabl Sputnik The Korabl Sputnik series were unmanned Vostok spacecraft; the three Sputniks were simply unique test spacecraft, each completely different from the others. -- David Anderman Internet: David.Anderman@ofa123.fidonet.org Compuserve: >internet:David.Anderman@ofa123.fidonet.org -------------------------------------------------------------------------- ------------------------------ Date: 12 Mar 91 05:19:28 GMT From: celit!dave@ucsd.edu (Dave Smith) Subject: Re: German conference highlights doubts about ESA's manned space plans In article <21318@crg5.UUCP> szabo@crg5.UUCP (Nick Szabo) writes: >In article <9466@exodus.Eng.Sun.COM> agn@bovic.Eng.Sun.COM (Andreas G. Nowatzyk) writes: > >>....For example, a lot of consumer equipment (VCRs & such) and >>some computer gear (Mac's, printers, etc.) are now routinely designed for >>robotic assembly. [....] >>Furthermore, in-orbit repairs are limited to module swaps. It's hard to >>imagine someone replacing a 300+ pin surface mounted chip during EVA. > >Good point. Are there any large differences between design for robotic >and astronautic EVA repair? Two things. Design for robotic assembly is _not_ the same as design for robotic repair. Assembly is a strictly defined set of steps to be gone through. Repair is rather chaotic, usually. It's also invariably true that whatever you didn't plan to be repairable is the part that breaks. At present, in-orbit repairs are _not_ limited to module swaps. Remember Skylab? Sun shield deployment that wasn't designed into the original design. No little attachment points pre-provided. On Mir they went out and kicked the airlock a couple of times, or something like that, right? Definitely not in the design spec. Some of these things can be done with tele-operated robots. However, until you have a tele-operated robot that is as flexible in operation (what, we didn't put a sun shield gripper on the robot?!? It doesn't have a foot!?! :-)) as a human there are going to be cases where the person is needed. -- David L. Smith FPS Computing, San Diego ucsd!celit!dave or dave@fps.com "It was time to stop playing games. It was time to put on funny hats and eat ice cream. Froggie played his oboe" - Richard Scarry ------------------------------ Date: 11 Mar 91 11:41:45 GMT From: zaphod.mps.ohio-state.edu!sdd.hp.com!spool.mu.edu!munnari.oz.au!yoyo.aarnet.edu.au!sirius.ucs.adelaide.edu.au!cs.adelaide.edu.au!hugh@tut.cis.ohio-state.edu (Hugh Garsden) Subject: New Aussie Space Magazine There's a new space mag out in Australia - "Space Digest Australia", published six times a year, first edition is February 1991. Cost per edition is A$5. Subscription is A$27/year in Australia, A$35/year internationally. Publisher's address is - South Pacific Science Press 8 Maddox St Alexandria, NSW 2015 AUSTRALIA I found it in a newsagents; I don't have anything to do with it, but thought you'd like to know. As far as Cape York goes, there are now "believed to be up to twelve expressions of interest with the Australian Space Office". Companies and consortiums can compete for the running of the project. "... all this is subject to the satisfactory completion of an environmental impact report. It would be surprising if this process did not itself result in changes to the proposal. A finding that Temple Bay is not the best launch site in Australia should surprise no one. In fact, it seems the whole project is up for redefinition. Who will build and run it, where and when, is now uncertain." The quotations are from the editorial. ----- Hugh Garsden University of Adelaide hugh@cs.adelaide.edu.au ------------------------------ Date: 11 Mar 91 21:06:33 GMT From: swrinde!zaphod.mps.ohio-state.edu!wuarchive!rex!rouge!dlbres10@ucsd.edu (Fraering Philip) Subject: Re: Three-Letter Acronym (TLA) Update Program (UP) I'd like to add a couple: SSX: Space Ship eXperimental. CELSS: Closed Ecological Life Support System. Also, abort to orbit might mean they go to orbit limping along on two engines and do the mission. (Or so I've heard). Phil Fraering dlbres10@pc.usl.edu ------------------------------ X400-Received: by mta pilot.cs.wisc.edu in /PRMD=xnren/ADMD= /C=us/; Relayed; Mon, 11 Mar 1991 03:34:26 +0000 X400-Received: by /PRMD=SANDOZ/ADMD=ARCOM/C=CH/; Relayed; Mon, 11 Mar 1991 03:33:41 +0000 Date: Mon, 11 Mar 1991 09:33:41 +0000 X400-Originator: Robert.Nufer@WSPBIOP.PHARMA.sandoz.ch X400-Mts-Identifier: [/PRMD=SANDOZ/ADMD=ARCOM/C=CH/;42330111301991/307532@CLVAX] X400-Content-Type: P2-1984 (2) From: Robert.Nufer@WSPBIOP.PHARMA.sandoz.ch Subject: RE:Planets stats Horace Dediu asked for heliocentric coordinates of the planets. Here are the elements for 2 dates (dt=200 days), which I received from the nautical almanac office. The elements are referred to the mean equator and equinox of J2000.0. I wrote such an integrator on my PC. The differences in the space coordinates after 200 days are only a few (<100) meters, exept for the moon (~700m), taking into account the effects of relativity and flattening of the earth. Good luck, Robert 11 !bodies Reziprocal masses 1. !sun 6023600. !Mercury 408523.5 !Venus 332946.038 !Earth 27068708.75 !Moon 3098710. !Mars 1047.350 !Jupiter 3498. !Saturn 22960. !Uranus 19314. !Neptune 130000000. !Pluto JD=2445720.5 1984-jan-21 x y z 0.0000000000000000 0.0000000000000000 0.0000000000000000 Sun -3.9237600419742780d-01 -1.3014862965713190d-01 -2.8803568712353760d-02 Mercury -6.1747593503359970d-01 -3.5501753682576620d-01 -1.2061192206024060d-01 Venus -4.9726862423180750d-01 7.7900378656203770d-01 3.3776790929774000d-01 Earth -4.9943105175047770d-01 7.7987704458214030d-01 3.3837735105931980d-01 Moon -1.6517715629011390d+00 1.5072145653822190d-02 5.1633805950593850d-02 Mars -4.4113689834892880d-01 -4.8390628540557770d+00 -2.0634980784844330d+00 Jupiter -7.5226926619472710d+00 -5.9654986127693040d+00 -2.1403241728669190d+00 Saturn -6.4349045677828640d+00 -1.6398612769374390d+01 -7.0908150356202250d+00 Uranus -3.3604211382195290d-01 -2.8009735868185580d+01 -1.1456330174797610d+01 Neptune -2.4648925955534110d+01 -1.6680855853001220d+01 2.2191642326809340d+00 Pluto dx dy dz 0.000000000000000000 0.000000000000000000 0.000000000000000000 Sun 3.0733331269501810d-03 -2.2428035864050280d-02 -1.2298441769996190d-02 Mercury 1.0331272377820850d-02 -1.5631578916675450d-02 -7.6855557113932800d-03 Venus -1.5123425745104970d-02 -8.0295321187340230d-03 -3.4817724183148090d-03 Earth -1.5407186711533110d-02 -8.5497544884831480d-03 -3.6945237188466840d-03 Moon 2.3330807328375440d-04 -1.1632055089852220d-02 -5.3414706347202650d-03 Mars 7.4281484270990620d-03 -1.9359965717168060d-04 -2.6399261024382870d-04 Jupiter 3.2988438228403250d-03 -3.9101513450071490d-03 -1.7566143003359390d-03 Saturn 3.6791909058935620d-03 -1.3716588262320950d-03 -6.5293823911609590d-04 Uranus 3.1271405685032960d-03 1.1097233824026480d-05 -7.3313836984792090d-05 Neptune 1.8759297180202460d-03 -2.6376159296082770d-03 -1.3861518540778390d-03 Pluto JD=2445920.5 1984-aug-8 x y z 0.0000000000000000 0.0000000000000000 0.0000000000000000 Sun -7.9395918306513030d-03 -4.0970201622198530d-01 -2.1801151309916830d-01 Mercury -7.1002653528098610d-01 8.2812435525413000d-02 8.2196064013997000d-02 Venus 7.2753369203641330d-01 -6.4795353957305680d-01 -2.8094533947074920d-01 Earth 7.2770311484354060d-01 -6.5029098750702580d-01 -2.8208184518431070d-01 Moon 2.3536300531923720d-01 -1.2855615163794570d+00 -5.9600458174535470d-01 Mars 1.0421024133582790d+00 -4.6811418036545020d+00 -2.0319475701556900d+00 Jupiter -6.8176472045398530d+00 -6.7088071014892360d+00 -2.4775986834814380d+00 Saturn -5.6936967025280650d+00 -1.6658478622244450d+01 -7.2151443899825470d+00 Uranus 2.8943095595656250d-01 -2.8001313971254770d+01 -1.1468450955707030d+01 Neptune -2.4268244616327360d+01 -1.7204407216363400d+01 1.9415473392615370d+00 Pluto dx dy dz 0.000000000000000000 0.000000000000000000 0.000000000000000000 Sun 2.2488238488142970d-02 1.6751387206390150d-03 -1.4385867775376960d-03 Mercury -3.1677995959237220d-03 -1.8390288297105260d-02 -8.0720236386727800d-03 Venus 1.1695861142792350d-02 1.1266257551992030d-02 4.8856338790782600d-03 Earth 1.2277150381366610d-02 1.1298502205470590d-02 4.8498844199885040d-03 Moon 1.4336348309235510d-02 3.3171388943035410d-03 1.1333298406726750d-03 Mars 7.3016857355444790d-03 1.7752096119491220d-03 5.8302048568694510d-04 Jupiter 3.7431933904962360d-03 -3.5161866319702250d-03 -1.6129886484862720d-03 Saturn 3.7316462951902230d-03 -1.2268031335039680d-03 -5.9025413330235980d-04 Uranus 3.1272419934697750d-03 7.3084566667523600d-05 -4.7905523091628240d-05 Neptune 1.9306465449426430d-03 -2.5977200062970680d-03 -1.3899335468225510d-03 Pluto ------------------------------ Date: 11 Mar 91 15:02:57 GMT From: zaphod.mps.ohio-state.edu!sdd.hp.com!spool.mu.edu!news.nd.edu!news.cs.indiana.edu!nstn.ns.ca!Iris1.UCIS.Dal.Ca!roberts@tut.cis.ohio-state.edu (Greg Roberts) Subject: O-Ring and Feynman I recall seeing Dr. Feynman on television during the hearings, and doing that wonderfully simple experiment to show elasticity in O-Ring material at low temperature using his glass of ice water. The fact still remains, the cause of the shuttle failure is directly related to the failure of the O-Ring. If there had been no blow-by, no erosion, integrety of seal etc., there would have been no combustion of ET propellant. The failure of the support is a result of the wall failure at the lower attach point, which then caused rotation about the upper attach point, breaching the upper dome. You might also want to note that the force of the gasses through the ring was significant enough for the guidance computers to notice, mis-interpret as a gust load, and gimble the SRB nozzle, compounding the problem. I recall reading the torque loads at ignition due to 'twang' were well within limits, and not as severe as on previous missions. However, the gimballing limits on the SRB post launch were the most severe ever recorded. I have the most absoluterespect for Feynman. He took at the technical mumbo jumbo from the MT engineering staff, and made it crystal clear so that anyone, including Neil Armstrong, could understand it. Temperature. O-Ring. Failure. Greg Department of Mechanical Engineering, TUNS ------------------------------ End of SPACE Digest V13 #261 *******************