Return-path: X-Andrew-Authenticated-as: 7997;andrew.cmu.edu;Ted Anderson Received: from hogtown.andrew.cmu.edu via trymail for +dist+/afs/andrew.cmu.edu/usr11/tm2b/space/space.dl@andrew.cmu.edu (->+dist+/afs/andrew.cmu.edu/usr11/tm2b/space/space.dl) (->ota+space.digests) ID ; Fri, 15 Mar 91 02:37:55 -0500 (EST) Message-ID: <0bs7bAa00WBwA4nU4v@andrew.cmu.edu> Precedence: junk Reply-To: space+@Andrew.CMU.EDU From: space-request+@Andrew.CMU.EDU To: space+@Andrew.CMU.EDU Date: Fri, 15 Mar 91 02:37:49 -0500 (EST) Subject: SPACE Digest V13 #273 SPACE Digest Volume 13 : Issue 273 Today's Topics: Ulysses Update - 03/12/91 MAJOR SOLAR FLARE ALERT - STORM WARNING UPDATE - 14 MARCH Re: Government vs. Commercial R&D Re: Terraforming, sun shield Hiten Update - 03/13/91 List of Frequently-Seen Acronyms (second posting) (LONG) Administrivia: Submissions to the SPACE Digest/sci.space should be mailed to space+@andrew.cmu.edu. Other mail, esp. [un]subscription requests, should be sent to space-request+@andrew.cmu.edu, or, if urgent, to tm2b+@andrew.cmu.edu ---------------------------------------------------------------------- Date: 13 Mar 91 01:24:34 GMT From: elroy.jpl.nasa.gov!jato!mars.jpl.nasa.gov!baalke@decwrl.dec.com (Ron Baalke) Subject: Ulysses Update - 03/12/91 ULYSSES STATUS REPORT March 12, 1991 The following orbital data was taken on the Ulysses spacecraft at 9AM (PST) on March 11, 1991: Distance from Earth 168,952,727 miles (271,903,057 km) Distance from Jupiter 277,630,590 miles (446,803,124 km) Velocity relative to the Sun 57,236 mph (92,113 kph) Velocity relative to the Earth 90,216 mph (145,188 kph) Tape recorder operations based on recovering data acquired during the 16 hours out of view periods are continuing on a routine scheduled basis. Experiment reconfigurations have been carried out as required. An average of 98.2% data recovery was achieved during the past week. An Earth pointing maneuver was performed on March 6. A very small nutation was observed which damped out after about 16 hours. Heater #3 on the Solar Wind Ion Composition experiment (GLG) was switched on March 5. A close watch is being kept for the possible return of the nutation. Procedures are available to control it should it occur. However, the period of maximum forcing has now passed and it is considered unlikely to return during this period of the mission. The next period of solar forcing will occur when the spacecraft is in the region of the South Solar Pole in 1994. A slew maneuver will be carried out on the March 13. Routine data gathering operations will continue together with experiment reconfigurations as required. ___ _____ ___ /_ /| /____/ \ /_ /| Ron Baalke | baalke@mars.jpl.nasa.gov | | | | __ \ /| | | | Jet Propulsion Lab | ___| | | | |__) |/ | | |___ M/S 301-355 | Change is constant. /___| | | | ___/ | |/__ /| Pasadena, CA 91109 | |_____|/ |_|/ |_____|/ | ------------------------------ Date: Thu, 14 Mar 91 18:20:48 MST From: oler%HG.ULeth.CA@vma.cc.cmu.edu (CARY OLER) Subject: MAJOR SOLAR FLARE ALERT - STORM WARNING UPDATE - 14 MARCH X-St-Vmsmail-To: st%"space+@andrew.cmu.edu" -- MAJOR SOLAR FLARE ALERT -- MARCH 14, 1991 Flare Event Summary Potential Impact Assessment -------- MAJOR ENERGETIC EVENT SUMMARY Another major X-class flare erupted from Region 6545 at a location of S10E25. The event began at 18:12 UT, peaked at 18:14 UT and ended at 18:31 UT on 14 March. The flare reached a class X1.8/1B rating and was associated with a very rich radio spectrum. A strong Type IV sweep was observed, but an associated Type II sweep was absent. A strong SID/SWF was also observed at the time of this flare. Frequencies to near 30 MHz were affected. A Tenflare of 870 flux units was observed together with a very strong 245 MHz radio burst measured at 67,000 s.f.u. This flare was a short-duration flare considering the x-ray intensity that was achieved. Region 6545 is beginning to show signs of stabilization. Flare output has decreased over the last several days, although a strong delta configuration with fairly high shear exists. Major flaring is still possible from this region (if not expected). Region 6538 is not expected to produce any further major flaring. Some minor M-class flaring is possible. This region is still dormant and is decaying. The primary flare producer of concern is Region 6545. POTENTIAL TERRESTRIAL IMPACT FORECAST Considering only the latest flare, there is a moderate chance that minor storming could materialize (near 60%). Any impacts from this flare will likely be observed on the 16th if this flare did indeed produced a coronal mass ejection. A POTENTIAL MAJOR GEOMAGNETIC STORM WARNING remains in effect for 15 and 16 March. The LOW LATITUDE AURORAL ACTIVITY WARNING also remains in effect for 15 and 16 March. Please note that these days are in reference to UT time. Hence, for U.S. observers, 15 March begins on the evening of 14 March. Please note this when planning observations or other activities. A POTENTIAL MAGNETIC INDUCTION WARNING remains in effect for 15 and 16 March. The POTENTIAL SATELLITE PROTON WARNING and the POTENTIAL PCA ACTIVITY WARNING remain in effect for 15 and 16 March. The satellite proton enhancement is still present. Protons could pass event thresholds with the impact of the interplanetary shock. However, no significant shock-induced proton activity is expected unless further major proton flaring occurs. Minor geomagnetic storming is still expected for the middle latitudes on 15 March. High latitudes could witness major to severe storming on 15 and 16 March. Magnetic storming is expected to increase to possibly major storm levels on 16 March for middle latitudes. Geomagnetic storming could continue through 17 March if this latest flare produces a terrestrial impact (which is possible). A brief SSC alert will be posted when the interplanetary shock arrives (provided it arrives during manned observing hours). ** End of Alert ** ------------------------------ Date: 11 Mar 91 01:54:32 GMT From: zephyr.ens.tek.com!tektronix!sequent!crg5!szabo@uunet.uu.net (Nick Szabo) Subject: Re: Government vs. Commercial R&D In article <244.27D76BAC@nss.FIDONET.ORG> Paul.Blase@nss.FIDONET.ORG (Paul Blase) writes: >Maybe it is more >subtle than I thought. I was saying that for the most part, it is only >the government that has the need and the money to fund the development > ---- ----- >of the first useful product from advanced research, especially if that >product is the first of its kind. If understand your point, it is that government money is needed, not necessarily government lab work. The patent statistics and analysis of major inventions show that industry does indeed develop first products, sometimes with some government money, sometimes not, but nearly always without government intervention in the design process. More basic scientific advances are usually the products of university and commercial research labs, often with government funding but again with little intervention in the technical specifications. -- Nick Szabo szabo@sequent.com "What are the _facts_, and to how many decimal places?" -- RAH ------------------------------ Date: 7 Mar 91 19:32:07 GMT From: elroy.jpl.nasa.gov!sdd.hp.com!zaphod.mps.ohio-state.edu!unix.cis.pitt.edu!pitt!nss!Paul.Blase@ames.arc.nasa.gov (Paul Blase) Subject: Re: Terraforming, sun shield SW> Before we start terraforming, we should remember that no SW> geometric progression can continue forever. A very old Isaac SW> Asimov article pointed out many years ago that with a 50-year SW> doubling time for human population, the mass of humans would SW> exceed the mass of the earth by about the year 3000. Put SW> another way, if Venus could be opened for human colonization at SW> the time Earth becomes "full" (whatever that means), then Venus SW> would become full only 50 years later. I rather think that space colonies, like most of those in the New World, will be made of up of groups that, for one reason or another, want to (or must) leave the Old World. I forsee a large migration of religous groups off of the planet whenever the means (and the goal) become available. Maybe we should turn Venus into a prison colony, like Australia used to be? --- via Silver Xpress V2.26 [NR] -- Paul Blase - via FidoNet node 1:129/104 UUCP: ...!pitt!nss!Paul.Blase INTERNET: Paul.Blase@nss.FIDONET.ORG ------------------------------ Date: 13 Mar 91 16:19:44 GMT From: elroy.jpl.nasa.gov!jato!mars.jpl.nasa.gov!baalke@decwrl.dec.com (Ron Baalke) Subject: Hiten Update - 03/13/91 HITEN STATUS REPORT March 13, 1991 The Deep Space Network's 26 meter Canberra station supported ranging tests with the Hiten spacecraft on March 12. The test was successful with all ranging support objectives being met. However, the 9.6Kbps data line did fail twice during the track, but was restored on both occasions. All data was recovered with a post-pass playback. ___ _____ ___ /_ /| /____/ \ /_ /| Ron Baalke | baalke@mars.jpl.nasa.gov | | | | __ \ /| | | | Jet Propulsion Lab | ___| | | | |__) |/ | | |___ M/S 301-355 | Change is constant. /___| | | | ___/ | |/__ /| Pasadena, CA 91109 | |_____|/ |_|/ |_____|/ | ------------------------------ Date: 13 Mar 91 01:13:20 GMT From: typhoon.ucar.edu!mark@handies.ucar.edu (Mark Bradford) Subject: List of Frequently-Seen Acronyms (second posting) (LONG) Acronym List for sci.astro, sci.space, and sci.space.shuttle: Version 2.0, 12 Mar 1991 This list is offered as a reference for translating commonly appearing acronyms in the space-related newsgroups. If I forgot or botched your favorite acronym, please let me know! Also, if there's an acronym not on this list that confuses you, drop me a line, and if I can figure it out I'll add it to the list. The list will be posted at random intervals, more or less monthly. All comments regarding it are welcome; I'm reachable as bradfrd2@ncar.ucar.edu. Note that this just tells what the acronyms stand for -- you're on your own for figuring out what they >mean To err is human, to moo bovine. "Life's a thin and flakey crust." ------------------------------ End of SPACE Digest V13 #273 *******************